Science. 1988 Oct 28;242(4878):558-62. doi: 10.1126/science.242.4878.558.
In order to test photochemical theories linking chlorofluorocarbon derivatives to ozone(O(3)) depletion at high latitudes in the springtime, several related atmospheric species, including O(3), chlorine monoxide(ClO), and bromine monoxide (BrO) were measured in the lower stratosphere with instruments mounted on the NASA ER-2 aircraft on 13 February 1988. The flight path from Moffett Field, California (37 degrees N, 121 degrees W), to Great Slave Lake, Canada (61 degrees N, 115 degrees W), extended to the center of the polar jet associated with but outside of the Arctic vortex, in which the abundance of O(3) was twice its mid-latitude value, whereas BrO levels were 5 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) between 18 and 21 kilometers, and 2.4 pptv below that altitude. The ClO mixing ratio was as much as 65 pptv at 60 degrees N latitude at an altitude of 20 kilometers, and was enhanced over mid-latitude values by a factor of 3 to 5 at altitudes above 18 kilometers and by as much as a factor of 40 at altitudes below 17 kilometers. Levels of ClO and O(3) were highly correlated on all measured distance scales, and both showed an abrupt change in character at 54 degrees N latitude. The enhancement of ClO abundance north of 54 degrees N was most likely caused by low nitrogen dioxide levels in the flight path.
为了检验将氯氟碳衍生物与春季高纬度地区臭氧（O(3)）消耗联系起来的光化学理论，1988 年 2 月 13 日，美国宇航局 ER-2 飞机上的仪器在平流层下部测量了几种相关的大气物质，包括 O(3)、一氯单氧（ClO）和一溴单氧（BrO）。从加利福尼亚州莫菲特场（北纬 37 度，西经 121 度）到加拿大大奴湖（北纬 61 度，西经 115 度）的飞行路径延伸到与北极涡旋相关但在其外部的极地喷流中心，其中 O(3)的丰度是其中纬度值的两倍，而 BrO 水平在 18 到 21 公里之间为每体积百万分之 5 份（pptv），低于该高度则为 2.4 pptv。在 60 度北纬和 20 公里的高度上，ClO 的混合比高达 65 pptv，在 18 公里以上的高度上，ClO 的混合比比中纬度值增加了 3 到 5 倍，在 17 公里以下的高度上增加了多达 40 倍。ClO 和 O(3)在所有测量的距离尺度上都高度相关，并且都在 54 度北纬处表现出性质的突然变化。54 度北纬以北 ClO 丰度的增强很可能是由于飞行路径中二氧化氮水平较低所致。
