Science. 1984 Jun 15;224(4654):1206-9. doi: 10.1126/science.224.4654.1206.
An analysis of how the government can and cannot use research and development policy to improve the nation's industrial posture suggests four guidelines for federal R & D policy: (i) concentrate direct support on academically based research, not on government-targeted industrial R & D; (ii) concentrate on sunrise science and technology, not on sunrise industries and products; (iii) concentrate on strengthening the climate for privately based innovation, not on government-selected innovation; (iv) concentrate on development for the government's own needs, not on development for market needs.
分析政府如何以及不能如何利用研发政策来改善国家的产业态势，为联邦研发政策提出了四条指导方针：（一）集中直接支持基于学术的研究，而不是针对政府的工业研发；（二）集中于朝阳科学技术，而不是朝阳产业和产品；（三）集中于加强私人创新的氛围，而不是政府选择的创新；（四）集中于为政府自身需求的开发，而不是为市场需求的开发。
