Wong Dominic
Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
Protein J. 2008 Jan;27(1):30-42. doi: 10.1007/s10930-007-9105-0.
The pectic enzymes are a diverse group of enzymes that collectively degrade pectin, a mixture of highly heterogeneous and branched polysaccharides rich in D: -galacturonic acids forming a major component of the primary cell wall of plants. This review covers key enzymes that function to deconstruct the "ramified region" of pectin. The enzymes include glycoside hydrolases and polysaccharide lyases that degrade complex pectic domains consisting of rhamnogalacturonans, xylogalacturonans, and other heterogeneous polymers. The chemical nature of the pectic substrates for the enzymes is presented. The biochemical properties of the enzymes, the mechanisms of enzyme actions, and related structures and functions, are described. Applications of these enzymes in fruit juice processing and in the production of bioactive compounds, as well as their technological relevance to the deconstruction of cell wall structures for biomass conversion are discussed.
果胶酶是一类多样的酶，它们共同降解果胶，果胶是一种高度异质且分支的多糖混合物，富含D-半乳糖醛酸，构成植物初生细胞壁的主要成分。本综述涵盖了作用于解构果胶“分支区域”的关键酶。这些酶包括糖苷水解酶和多糖裂解酶，它们可降解由鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸聚糖、木糖半乳糖醛酸聚糖和其他异质聚合物组成的复杂果胶结构域。文中介绍了这些酶作用的果胶底物的化学性质。描述了这些酶的生化特性、酶作用机制以及相关的结构和功能。讨论了这些酶在果汁加工和生物活性化合物生产中的应用，以及它们在解构细胞壁结构以进行生物质转化方面的技术相关性。
