Faulhaber Martin, Flatz Markus, Gatterer Hannes, Schobersberger Wolfgang, Burtscher Martin
University of Innsbruck, Department of Sport Science, Innsbruck, Austria.
High Alt Med Biol. 2007 Fall;8(3):245-52. doi: 10.1089/ham.2007.1005.
Mountain sports, especially hiking and alpine skiing, are very popular. It is speculated that a high percentage of hikers and skiers are older and have cardiovascular diseases, but little is known about the real frequency of cardiovascular diseases in mountaineers and skiers. The goal of this study was to provide data on the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (coronary artery disease with and without myocardial infarction, hypertension, and arrhythmias) of a representative sample of hikers and skiers in the Austrian Alps. Questionnaire results of 1431 hikers and 1043 skiers were included in the evaluation. Regarding the whole sample, 12.7% (11.0 to 14.4) of the hikers and 11.2% (9.3 to 13.1) of the skiers are afflicted with at least one type of cardiovascular disease. The frequency of cardiovascular diseases is age dependent and more pronounced in men, but only small differences were detected between hikers and skiers. It can be assumed that 4 to 5 million hikers and skiers with known cardiovascular diseases are active in the Alps annually. Scientific research should provide the basis of an optimal risk management for this large group of persons.
山地运动，尤其是徒步旅行和高山滑雪，非常受欢迎。据推测，很大一部分徒步旅行者和滑雪者年龄较大且患有心血管疾病，但对于登山者和滑雪者中心血管疾病的实际发病率却知之甚少。本研究的目的是提供有关奥地利阿尔卑斯山徒步旅行者和滑雪者代表性样本中心血管疾病（有或无心肌梗死的冠状动脉疾病、高血压和心律失常）患病率的数据。对1431名徒步旅行者和1043名滑雪者的问卷调查结果进行了评估。就整个样本而言，12.7%（11.0%至14.4%）的徒步旅行者和11.2%（9.3%至13.1%）的滑雪者至少患有一种心血管疾病。心血管疾病的发病率与年龄有关，在男性中更为明显，但徒步旅行者和滑雪者之间仅发现了微小差异。可以假定，每年有400万至500万患有已知心血管疾病的徒步旅行者和滑雪者在阿尔卑斯山活动。科学研究应为这一庞大人群提供最佳风险管理的依据。
