Hossain Nazli, Paidas Michael J
Yale Women & Children's Center for Blood Disorders, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Semin Perinatol. 2007 Aug;31(4):208-12. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2007.05.002.
Adverse pregnancy outcome (APO), includes fetal loss > or =20 weeks' gestation (fetal death), severe preeclampsia <36 weeks, or severe intrauterine growth restriction (severe IUGR) defined as birth weight < or =5th percentile or < or =10th percentile for gestational age. APO affects 8% of pregnant women (320,000 annually) and collectively contributes to the largest proportion of maternal/fetal mortality and morbidity. Women with prior APO in antecedent pregnancy are at high risk of an adverse maternal or fetal outcome in the subsequent pregnancy. Maternal serum markers and Doppler ultrasound can be used to predict adverse pregnancy outcome. There are no adequate, completed randomized trials for prophylactic measures; the roles of aspirin, calcium, and low molecular weight heparin need to be evaluated.
不良妊娠结局（APO）包括妊娠20周及以上的胎儿丢失（胎儿死亡）、36周前的重度子痫前期或严重宫内生长受限（严重IUGR），严重IUGR定义为出生体重低于或等于胎龄的第5百分位数或低于或等于第10百分位数。APO影响8%的孕妇（每年320,000例），并共同构成孕产妇/胎儿死亡和发病的最大比例。既往妊娠有APO的妇女在随后的妊娠中发生不良孕产妇或胎儿结局的风险很高。母体血清标志物和多普勒超声可用于预测不良妊娠结局。对于预防措施，尚无充分、完整的随机试验；阿司匹林、钙和低分子量肝素的作用需要评估。
