Návar Ann Marie, Halsey Neal A, Carter Terrell C, Montgomery Martha P, Salmon Daniel A
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2007 Sep;33(3):211-3. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.04.027.
Vaccine safety concerns and lack of knowledge regarding vaccines contribute to delays in infant immunization. Prenatal vaccine education could improve risk communication and timely vaccination. This study sought to determine the proportion of obstetric practices and hospital-based prenatal education classes that provide pregnant women with infant immunization information, the willingness of obstetric practices to provide infant immunization information, and the proportion of first-time mothers who receive a pediatric prenatal visit.
A telephone survey was conducted of 100 pediatric practices and 100 obstetric practices randomly selected from the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile between January and March 2005, with analysis performed April 2005.
Seventy-one of 100 (71%) selected obstetric practices and 85 of 100 (85%) selected pediatric practices participated. Sixteen obstetric practices (23%) reported providing pregnant women with information on routine childhood immunizations. Thirty-four of the 52 practices (65%) that did not provide such information reported willingness to do so. Ten of 51 hospitals (20%) did not provide information about routine childhood immunizations to prenatal class participants. Sixty-six of the 85 pediatric practices (78%) provided a pediatric prenatal visit. Among these, the median percentage of first-time mothers who received a visit was 30%.
Prenatal visits are a missed opportunity for providing education about infant immunizations. Incorporating immunization education into routine obstetric prenatal care may increase maternal knowledge of infant vaccines and reduce delayed immunization.
对疫苗安全性的担忧以及对疫苗知识的缺乏导致婴儿免疫接种延迟。产前疫苗教育可以改善风险沟通并及时进行疫苗接种。本研究旨在确定提供孕妇婴儿免疫接种信息的产科机构和医院产前教育课程的比例、产科机构提供婴儿免疫接种信息的意愿以及首次分娩母亲接受儿科产前检查的比例。
2005年1月至3月间，从美国医学协会医师主档案中随机抽取100个儿科机构和100个产科机构进行电话调查，并于2005年4月进行分析。
100个被选中的产科机构中有71个（71%）、100个被选中的儿科机构中有85个（85%）参与了调查。16个产科机构（23%）报告为孕妇提供常规儿童免疫接种信息。在52个未提供此类信息的机构中，有34个（65%）表示愿意提供。51家医院中有10家（20%）未向产前课程参与者提供常规儿童免疫接种信息。85个儿科机构中有66个（78%）提供儿科产前检查。其中，接受检查的首次分娩母亲的中位数比例为30%。
产前检查是提供婴儿免疫接种教育的一个错失的机会。将免疫接种教育纳入常规产科产前护理可能会增加母亲对婴儿疫苗的了解，并减少免疫接种延迟。
