Ntab Balthazar, Cissé Badara, Boulanger Denis, Sokhna Cheikh, Targett Geoffrey, Lines Jo, Alexander Neal, Trape Jean-François, Simondon François, Greenwood Brian M, Simondon Kirsten B
Epidemiology and Prevention Research Unit, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France and Dakar, Senegal.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Sep;77(3):411-7.
Negative consequences of malaria might account for seasonality in nutritional status in children in the Sahel. We report the impact of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of seasonal intermittent preventive anti-malarial treatment on growth and nutritional status in 1,063 Senegalese preschool children. A combination of artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was given monthly from September to November. In the intervention arm, mean weight gain was significantly greater (122.9 +/- 340 versus 42.9 +/- 344 [SD] g/mo, P < 0.0001) and losses in triceps and subscapular skinfold measurements were less (-0.39 +/- 1.01 versus -0.66 +/- 1.01 mm/mo, and -0.15 +/- 0.64 versus -0.36 +/- 0.62 mm/mo, respectively, P < 0.0001 for both). There was no difference in height increments. The prevalence of wasting increased significantly in the control arm (4.6% before versus 9.5% after, P < 0.0001), but remained constant in intervention children: 5.6% versus 7.0% (P = 0.62). The prevention of malaria would improve child nutritional status in areas with seasonal transmission.
疟疾的负面影响可能是造成萨赫勒地区儿童营养状况季节性变化的原因。我们报告了一项针对1063名塞内加尔学龄前儿童的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验的结果，该试验旨在研究季节性间歇性预防抗疟治疗对儿童生长和营养状况的影响。从9月至11月，每月给予青蒿琥酯和磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶的联合用药。在干预组中，平均体重增加显著更大（分别为122.9±340与42.9±344[标准差]克/月，P<0.0001），肱三头肌和肩胛下皮褶厚度的减少也更少（分别为-0.39±1.01与-0.66±1.01毫米/月，以及-0.15±0.64与-0.36±0.62毫米/月，两者P均<0.0001）。身高增长没有差异。对照组中消瘦的患病率显著增加（之前为4.6%，之后为9.5%，P<0.0001），但干预组儿童保持不变：5.6%与7.0%（P=0.62）。预防疟疾可改善季节性传播地区儿童的营养状况。
