Akhtar Patricia C, Currie Dorothy B, Currie Candace E, Haw Sally J
Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 8AQ.
BMJ. 2007 Sep 15;335(7619):545. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39311.550197.AE. Epub 2007 Sep 9.
To detect any change in exposure to secondhand smoke among primary schoolchildren after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Scotland in March 2006.
Comparison of nationally representative, cross sectional, class based surveys carried out in the same schools before and after legislation.
Scotland.
2559 primary schoolchildren (primary 7; mean age 11.4 years) surveyed in January 2006 (before smoke-free legislation) and 2424 in January 2007 (after legislation).
Salivary cotinine concentrations, reports of parental smoking, and exposure to tobacco smoke in public and private places before and after legislation.
The geometric mean salivary cotinine concentration in non-smoking children fell from 0.36 (95% confidence interval 0.32 to 0.40) ng/ml to 0.22 (0.19 to 0.25) ng/ml after the introduction of smoke-free legislation in Scotland-a 39% reduction. The extent of the fall in cotinine concentration varied according to the number of parent figures in the home who smoked but was statistically significant only among pupils living in households in which neither parent figure smoked (51% fall, from 0.14 (0.13 to 0.16) ng/ml to 0.07 (0.06 to 0.08) ng/ml) and among pupils living in households in which only the father figure smoked (44% fall, from 0.57 (0.47 to 0.70) ng/ml to 0.32 (0.25 to 0.42) ng/ml). Little change occurred in reported exposure to secondhand smoke in pupils' own homes or in cars, but a small decrease in exposure in other people's homes was reported. Pupils reported lower exposure in cafes and restaurants and in public transport after legislation.
The Scottish smoke-free legislation has reduced exposure to secondhand smoke among young people in Scotland, particularly among groups with lower exposure in the home. We found no evidence of increased secondhand smoke exposure in young people associated with displacement of parental smoking into the home. The Scottish smoke-free legislation has thus had a positive short term impact on young people's health, but further efforts are needed to promote both smoke-free homes and smoking cessation.
检测2006年3月苏格兰实施无烟立法后小学生二手烟暴露情况的变化。
对立法前后在同一学校开展的具有全国代表性的基于班级的横断面调查进行比较。
苏格兰。
2006年1月（无烟立法前）调查了2559名小学生（小学7年级；平均年龄11.4岁），2007年1月（立法后）调查了2424名。
立法前后唾液可替宁浓度、父母吸烟情况报告以及在公共场所和私人场所的二手烟暴露情况。
在苏格兰实施无烟立法后，非吸烟儿童唾液可替宁几何平均浓度从0.36（95%置信区间0.32至0.40）纳克/毫升降至0.22（0.19至0.25）纳克/毫升，降幅为39%。可替宁浓度下降幅度因家中吸烟家长数量而异，但仅在父母均不吸烟家庭的学生中（降幅51%，从0.14（0.13至0.16）纳克/毫升降至0.07（0.06至0.08）纳克/毫升）以及仅父亲吸烟家庭的学生中（降幅44%，从0.57（0.47至0.70）纳克/毫升降至0.32（0.25至0.42）纳克/毫升）有统计学意义。学生报告在自己家中或车内二手烟暴露情况变化不大，但报告在他人家中的暴露略有减少。学生报告立法后在咖啡馆、餐馆和公共交通工具上的暴露减少。
苏格兰无烟立法降低了苏格兰年轻人二手烟暴露，尤其是在家中暴露较少的人群。我们没有发现与父母吸烟转移至家中相关的年轻人二手烟暴露增加的证据。因此，苏格兰无烟立法对年轻人健康产生了积极的短期影响，但仍需进一步努力促进无烟家庭和戒烟。
