Holland Scott K, Vannest Jennifer, Mecoli Marc, Jacola Lisa M, Tillema Jan-Mendelt, Karunanayaka Prasanna R, Schmithorst Vincent J, Yuan Weihong, Plante Elena, Byars Anna W
Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Int J Audiol. 2007 Sep;46(9):533-51. doi: 10.1080/14992020701448994.
Changes in the distribution of language function in the brain have been documented from infancy through adulthood. Even macroscopic measures of language lateralization reflect a dynamic process of language development. In this review, we summarize a series of functional MRI studies of language skills in children ages of five to 18 years, both typically-developing children and children with brain injuries or neurological disorders that occur at different developmental stages with different degrees of severity. These studies used a battery of fMRI-compatible language tasks designed to tap sentential and lexical language skills that develop early and later in childhood. In typically-developing children, lateralization changes with age are associated with language skills that have a protracted period of development, reflecting the developmental process of skill acquisition rather than general maturation of the brain. Normative data, across the developmental period, acts as a reference for disentangling developmental patterns in brain activation from changes due to developmental or acquired abnormalities. This review emphasizes the importance of considering age and child development in neuroimaging studies of language.
从婴儿期到成年期，大脑中语言功能分布的变化已有文献记载。即使是语言侧化的宏观测量也反映了语言发展的动态过程。在这篇综述中，我们总结了一系列针对5至18岁儿童语言技能的功能磁共振成像研究，这些儿童既有发育正常的，也有在不同发育阶段出现不同严重程度脑损伤或神经障碍的。这些研究使用了一系列与功能磁共振成像兼容的语言任务，旨在测试儿童早期和后期发展的句子和词汇语言技能。在发育正常的儿童中，随着年龄增长的侧化变化与具有长期发展期的语言技能相关，反映了技能习得的发展过程，而非大脑的一般成熟过程。整个发育阶段的规范数据可作为参考，用于区分大脑激活中的发育模式与发育或后天异常引起的变化。这篇综述强调了在语言神经影像学研究中考虑年龄和儿童发育的重要性。
