Science. 1988 Aug 12;241(4867):795-800. doi: 10.1126/science.241.4867.795.
Recent developments in the direct measurements of forces between surfaces in liquids at the ångstrom resolution level are reviewed. The results reveal a rich variety of interactions and interaction potentials that depend on the nature of the surfaces and intervening liquids. These results also shed new insights into liquid structure adjacent to surfaces and the interactions occurrig in complex systems, with implications in many different areas of chemical physics, biology, and technology. The origin of some important fundamental interactions, such as repulsive "hydration" forces and attractive "hydrophobic" forces, are still not understood and offer a challenge for experimental and theoretical work in this area.
近期，人们对液体中表面间在埃分辨率水平上的直接测量力的进展进行了回顾。研究结果揭示了丰富多样的相互作用和相互作用势能，这取决于表面的性质和中间液体。这些结果也为表面附近液体结构和复杂体系中相互作用提供了新的认识，对化学物理、生物学和技术的许多不同领域都有影响。一些重要基本相互作用的起源，如排斥的“水合”力和吸引的“疏水”力，仍然不为人知，这为该领域的实验和理论工作提出了挑战。
