Liang Yuncheng, Hilal Nidal, Langston Paul, Starov Victor
School of Chemical, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2007 Oct 31;134-135:151-66. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2007.04.003. Epub 2007 Apr 21.
The interaction forces acting between colloidal particles in suspensions play an important part in determining the properties of a variety of materials, the behaviour of a range of industrial and environmental processes. Below we briefly review the theories of the colloidal forces between particles and surfaces including London-van der Waals forces, electrical double layer forces, solvation forces, hydrophobic forces and steric forces. In the framework of Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory, theoretical predictions of total interparticle interaction forces are discussed. A survey of direct measurements of the interaction forces between colloidal particles as a function of the surface separation is presented. Most of the measurements have been carried out mainly using the atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as the surface force apparatus (SFA) in the liquid phase. With the highly sophisticated and versatile techniques that are employed by far, the existing interaction theories between surfaces have been validated and advanced. In addition, the direct force measurements by AFM have also been useful in the explaining or understanding of more complex phenomena and in engineering the products and processes occurring in many industrial applications.
悬浮液中胶体颗粒之间的相互作用力在决定各种材料的性质以及一系列工业和环境过程的行为方面起着重要作用。下面我们简要回顾颗粒与表面之间的胶体作用力理论，包括伦敦 - 范德华力、双电层力、溶剂化力、疏水力和空间位阻力。在德亚金 - 朗道 - 韦弗 - 奥弗比克（DLVO）理论框架内，讨论了颗粒间总相互作用力的理论预测。本文还介绍了作为表面间距函数的胶体颗粒间相互作用力的直接测量研究。大多数测量主要是在液相中使用原子力显微镜（AFM）以及表面力仪（SFA）进行的。凭借目前所采用的高度精密且通用的技术，现有的表面间相互作用理论已得到验证和发展。此外，AFM的直接力测量在解释或理解更复杂的现象以及设计许多工业应用中出现的产品和过程方面也很有用。
