Líndal E, Stefánsson J G
Department of Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1991 Winter;37(4):233-41. doi: 10.1177/002076409103700402.
The frequency with which symptoms of depression are found among subjects with either a lifetime diagnosis of depression or dysthymia and among subjects with no psychiatric disorders, are analysed. The data is derived from a large study (n = 862) on the lifetime prevalence of mental disorders which was conducted in Iceland. The survey instrument was the NIMH-Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). Results from 379 subjects are reported in this study, these subjects have either experienced a Major Depressive Episode (n = 46), dysthymia (n = 32) or have no psychiatric disorder (n = 301). The frequency of symptoms are grouped together in hierarchical tables and displayed and analysed. In the hierarchical groupings of symptoms, males were found to report more grave symptoms of suicide than were females, both in the depression and dysthymic groups. In a comorbidity correlation between these and other disorders, sex differences emerged in the diagnosis of Tobacco Dependence, with women exhibiting higher frequencies of dependence when found in the depressed group.
分析了终生诊断为抑郁症或心境恶劣障碍的受试者以及无精神疾病受试者中抑郁症症状出现的频率。数据来自冰岛一项关于精神障碍终生患病率的大型研究（n = 862）。调查工具是美国国立精神卫生研究所诊断访谈表（DIS）。本研究报告了379名受试者的结果，这些受试者要么经历过重度抑郁发作（n = 46），要么患有心境恶劣障碍（n = 32），要么没有精神疾病（n = 301）。症状频率被汇总在分层表格中进行展示和分析。在症状的分层分组中，发现无论是在抑郁症组还是心境恶劣障碍组，男性报告的自杀严重症状都比女性多。在这些症状与其他障碍的共病相关性方面，烟草依赖诊断中出现了性别差异，在抑郁症组中，女性表现出更高的依赖频率。
