Rust R S, Carter J G, Martin D, Nerbonne J M, Lampe P A, Pusateri M E, Lowry O H
Department of Molecular Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Neurochem Res. 1991 Sep;16(9):991-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00965842.
Data are presented for 16 enzymes from 8 metabolic systems in cell cultures consisting of approximately 95% astrocytes and 5% oligodendrocytes. Nine of these enzymes were also measured in cultures of oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, and neurons prepared from both cerebral cortex and superior cervical ganglia. Activities, in mature astrocyte cultures, expressed as percentage of their activity in brain, ranged from 9% for glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase to over 300% for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Creatine phosphokinase activity in astrocytes was about the same as in brain, half as high in oligodendrocytes, but 7% or less of the brain level in Schwann cells and superior cervical ganglion neurons and only 16% of brain in cortical neurons. Three enzymes which generate NADPH, the dehydrogenases for glucose-6-phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate, and the NADP-requiring isocitrate dehydrogenase, were present in astrocytes at levels at least twice that of brain. Oligodendrocytes had enzyme levels only 30% to 70% of those of astrocytes. Schwann cells had much higher lactate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activities than oligodendrocytes, but showed a remarkable similarity in enzyme pattern to those of cortical and superior cervical ganglion neurons.
本文展示了来自8种代谢系统的16种酶在细胞培养物中的数据，这些细胞培养物约95%为星形胶质细胞，5%为少突胶质细胞。其中9种酶也在由大脑皮层和颈上神经节制备的少突胶质细胞、雪旺氏细胞和神经元培养物中进行了测量。在成熟星形胶质细胞培养物中，酶活性以其在大脑中的活性百分比表示，范围从甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶的9%到葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶的超过300%。星形胶质细胞中的肌酸磷酸激酶活性与大脑中的大致相同，在少突胶质细胞中为大脑水平的一半，但在雪旺氏细胞和颈上神经节神经元中为大脑水平的7%或更低，在皮层神经元中仅为大脑水平的16%。三种产生NADPH的酶，即葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶以及需要NADP的异柠檬酸脱氢酶，在星形胶质细胞中的水平至少是大脑中的两倍。少突胶质细胞的酶水平仅为星形胶质细胞的30%至70%。雪旺氏细胞的乳酸脱氢酶和6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶活性比少突胶质细胞高得多，但在酶谱上与皮层和颈上神经节神经元的酶谱有显著相似性。
