Gutierrez Juan Pablo, Conde-González Carlos J, Walker Dilys M, Bertozzi Stefano M
Division of Health Economics and Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, México.
Arch Med Res. 2007 Oct;38(7):774-82. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.04.002. Epub 2007 Jun 21.
We undertook this study to estimate the prevalence and correlates of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) among Mexican adolescents in high school.
This was a cross-sectional analysis using data that had been collected to evaluate a school-based HIV prevention intervention. As part of the final round of evaluation, capillary blood samples were taken from volunteers to test for antibodies to HSV-2. The effect of each school's seroprevalence on the probability of an individual being seropositive was estimated, and the results were grouped by town to evaluate the association between characteristics of the locality and student HSV-2 seroprevalence.
Dried blood spots were collected for 80% of the 1607 participants in the survey who reported that they were sexually active. Of these samples, 21% tested positive for HSV-2 antibodies, with no significant difference in prevalence between men and women. Seroprevalence among schools ranged from 0 to 57%. The number of sex workers registered in the locality was the most important covariate of seroprevalence, with each additional female sex worker (FSW) per 1000 women between 18 and 45 years of age in the town associated with an increase of 1% in the seroprevalence of HSV-2.
Characteristics of adolescents' micro-environments that influence their pool of potential sexual partners and the likelihood that these partners are HSV-2 positive may be more important predictors of the risk of STI infection than self-reported condom use.
我们开展这项研究以估计墨西哥高中青少年中2型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV - 2）的患病率及其相关因素。
这是一项横断面分析，使用收集来评估一项基于学校的艾滋病预防干预措施的数据。作为最后一轮评估的一部分，从志愿者身上采集毛细血管血样以检测HSV - 2抗体。估计了每所学校的血清阳性率对个体血清阳性概率的影响，并按城镇对结果进行分组，以评估当地特征与学生HSV - 2血清阳性率之间的关联。
在1607名报告有性行为的调查参与者中，80%的人采集了干血斑样本。在这些样本中，21%的HSV - 2抗体检测呈阳性，男女患病率无显著差异。各学校的血清阳性率在0%至57%之间。当地登记的性工作者数量是血清阳性率最重要的协变量，城镇中每1000名18至45岁女性中每增加一名女性性工作者（FSW），HSV - 2血清阳性率就增加1%。
青少年微观环境的特征会影响其潜在性伴侣群体以及这些伴侣HSV - 2呈阳性的可能性，与自我报告的避孕套使用情况相比，这些特征可能是性传播感染风险更重要的预测因素。
