Sex Transm Dis. 2018 Feb;45(2):111-117. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000702.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) seroprevalence and associated infection risk factors show differences by regions and countries. The aims of the study were to determine the HSV-2 seroprevalence and to evaluate the risk factors for HSV-2 in a national representative survey among adolescents and adults in Mexico.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Mexico on the basis of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012, a national representative survey. Demographic, sexual behavior, reproductive health, and lifestyles indicators were considered in the current study. Participants provided biological samples-dried blood spots-to test for HSV-2 antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify variables associated with HSV-2 infections analyzed by sex.
National HSV-2 seroprevalence was 9.9%, 2.4% among adolescents and 11.7% among adults with HSV-2 seroprevalence heterogeneous across the country. Women had 12.2% of antibodies against HSV-2 and men had 7.5%. The factors associated with HSV-2 infection among women were age (45-49 years; odds ratio [OR], 19.8), region (southwest; OR, 3.0), urbanization (urban; OR, 1.9), age at sexual debut (≤14 years; OR, 3.4), education level (any; OR, 3.0), and previous abortion (≥2 abortion; OR, 2.1). Among men, age (45-49 years; OR, 11.7), region (southwest; OR, 3.0), urbanization (urban, odds ratio [OR], 1.7), and HIV care (OR, 7.1) were associated with the infection.
Approximately 10% of Mexicans aged 15 to 49 years had HSV-2 antibodies, with differences by sex, region, education level, urbanization, HIV care, and childbirth, highlighting the relevance of health inequalities in the country: social inequalities seem to matter in terms of the probability of HSV-2 infections.
单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（HSV-2）血清流行率及其相关感染危险因素在不同地区和国家存在差异。本研究旨在确定墨西哥青少年和成年人中 HSV-2 的血清流行率，并评估其感染的危险因素。
本研究基于 2012 年全国健康和营养调查（一项全国代表性调查），在墨西哥进行了一项横断面研究。本研究考虑了人口统计学、性行为、生殖健康和生活方式指标。参与者提供了生物样本——干血斑，使用酶联免疫吸附试验和 Western blot 法检测 HSV-2 抗体。对男女的 HSV-2 感染相关变量进行了双变量和多变量分析。
全国 HSV-2 血清流行率为 9.9%，青少年为 2.4%，成人 11.7%，全国 HSV-2 血清流行率呈异质性。女性 HSV-2 抗体阳性率为 12.2%，男性为 7.5%。与 HSV-2 感染相关的女性因素为年龄（45-49 岁；比值比[OR]，19.8）、地区（西南部；OR，3.0）、城市化（城市；OR，1.9）、性初潮年龄（≤14 岁；OR，3.4）、教育水平（任何；OR，3.0）和流产史（≥2 次流产；OR，2.1）。男性感染的相关因素为年龄（45-49 岁；OR，11.7）、地区（西南部；OR，3.0）、城市化（城市；OR，1.7）和 HIV 护理（OR，7.1）。
约 10%的 15-49 岁墨西哥人有 HSV-2 抗体，且存在性别、地区、教育水平、城市化、HIV 护理和分娩的差异，突出了该国健康不平等的重要性：社会不平等似乎与 HSV-2 感染的概率有关。
