Davis Christopher G, Wohl Michael J A, Verberg Norine
Department of Psychology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Death Stud. 2007 Sep;31(8):693-712. doi: 10.1080/07481180701490578.
The dominant model of posttraumatic growth (PTG) suggests that growth is precipitated by significant challenges to one's identity or to core assumptions that give one's life meaning, and develops as one goes through meaning-making or schema reconstruction processes. Other perspectives suggest, however, that such growth occurs by other means. We use a numerically aided phenomenological approach to elucidate common profiles of growth in a sample of 52 adults who lost a loved one in a traumatic mine explosion 8 years earlier. Of the three clusters extracted, 1 captured the essence of the PTG model, including threat to sense of self, meaning-making, and personal growth; 1 featured an inability to find meaning and an absence of growth; and 1 featured minimal meaning threat with modest growth. Those most likely to report PTG interpreted the experience as threat to self, with growth coming from development of new self-understanding. The data suggest that a better understanding of the processes of PTG may be realized by taking a more refined approach to the assessment of loss and growth, and by drawing distinctions between personal growth and benefits.
创伤后成长（PTG）的主流模型表明，成长是由对个人身份或赋予生命意义的核心假设的重大挑战所引发的，并随着个体经历意义建构或图式重构过程而发展。然而，其他观点认为，这种成长是通过其他方式发生的。我们采用数字辅助现象学方法，以阐明52名成年人的共同成长概况，这些成年人在8年前的一次创伤性矿难中失去了亲人。在提取的三个类别中，一个类别抓住了PTG模型的本质，包括对自我意识的威胁、意义建构和个人成长；一个类别表现为无法找到意义且没有成长；还有一个类别表现为意义威胁最小且成长适度。那些最有可能报告创伤后成长的人将这种经历解释为对自我的威胁，成长来自于新的自我理解的发展。数据表明，通过对损失和成长评估采用更精细的方法，并区分个人成长和益处，可能会更好地理解创伤后成长的过程。
