Tolosa D E, Mendes R
Departamento de Medicina Legal e Medicina em Saúde Pública da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da UNESP, SP, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 1991 Apr;25(2):139-49. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89101991000200009.
The working conditions of municipal employees of Botucatu (State of S. Paulo, Brazil) are described with a view to identifying the most frequent and serious occupational risks. Office workers (clerks) were not included in this study. The morbidities registered in the municipal outpatient service (from July 17 through December 4, 1987) and in the occupational accident register for the period 1984-1987 were evaluated. The activities of the majority of the employees were found to be carried out manually with no technological assistance, likely to generate "occupational accidents" (OA) and related to inadequate (antiergonomic) positions. The coefficient of severity of the OA has increased so rapidly that in 1987 it was 1.85 times higher than in 1984. The analysis of the external sources and the nature of the lesions caused by the OA were closely related to the description of the activities and the risk factors observed. The most frequent ailments registered in the outpatient service were: arterial hypertension, lumbago, the common cold, chronic alcoholism, acute gastroenterecolitis and "personal difficulties". An occupational health program for the municipal workers in Botucatu is proposed.
为确定最常见和最严重的职业风险，对巴西圣保罗州博图卡图市市政雇员的工作条件进行了描述。本研究未纳入办公室职员。对市政门诊服务机构（1987年7月17日至12月4日）登记的发病率以及1984 - 1987年期间的职业事故登记情况进行了评估。结果发现，大多数雇员的工作是手工完成的，没有技术辅助，这可能会引发“职业事故”（OA），并且与不适当（不符合人体工程学）的姿势有关。职业事故的严重系数增长迅速，1987年比1984年高出1.85倍。对职业事故的外部来源和所造成损伤性质的分析与所观察到的活动描述和风险因素密切相关。门诊服务机构登记的最常见疾病有：动脉高血压、腰痛、普通感冒、慢性酒精中毒、急性胃肠结肠炎以及“个人问题”。本文提出了一项针对博图卡图市市政工人的职业健康计划。
