Santos U de P, Wünsch Filho V, do Carmo J C, Settimi M M, Urquiza S D, Henriques C M
Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 1990 Aug;24(4):286-93. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89101990000400006.
The epidemiological approach to occupational accidents and diseases adopted in Brazil is inadequate for many reasons, among them being: 1) the fact that only employers may notify work accidents, thus permitting notorious undernotification of these occupational hazards; 2) the available information does not permit a better understanding of the causal relationship between work accidents and diseases; 3) the official policy exists only for purposes of insurance compensation. The official documents for occupational disease and accident registration are the CTA (Work accident report) and FTA (Casualty treatment card). The Worker's Health Program of SUDS-R-6 proposed, in October, 1988 a method for the codification, registration in a micro-computer data bank and analysis of this information, based on the records presently in use (CAT) for public health service planning and accident prevention purposes. The major interest was in identifying the most common types of accidents in the region and the work environments in which they most frequently occur. The target population were the workers who attended the health units lisenced to deal with work accidents and diseases, in the Northern region of S. Paulo City. The data presented below refer to the months of October, November and December, 1988, the first three months of the project. During that period a total of 2,339 accidents were registered. They were classified as: typical work accidents - 87%: commuting accidents which occurred between the home and the work-place--18% and work diseases (only 2 cases). The majority of workers (50%) were between 25 and 45 years of age, approximately 7% were under 18. Male workers represented 83.2% of accident cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
巴西所采用的针对职业事故和疾病的流行病学方法存在诸多不足，原因如下：1）只有雇主能够通报工作事故，这使得这些职业危害的通报率极低；2）现有信息无法让人更好地理解工作事故与疾病之间的因果关系；3）官方政策仅出于保险赔偿目的而存在。职业病和事故登记的官方文件是CTA（工作事故报告）和FTA（伤亡治疗卡）。1988年10月，SUDS - R - 6的工人健康计划提出了一种对这些信息进行编码、录入微机数据库并进行分析的方法，该方法基于目前用于公共卫生服务规划和事故预防目的的记录（CAT）。主要目的是确定该地区最常见的事故类型以及事故最常发生的工作环境。目标人群是圣保罗市北部地区前往经许可处理工作事故和疾病的健康单位就诊的工人。以下数据涉及1988年10月、11月和12月，即该项目的前三个月。在此期间，共登记了2339起事故。这些事故分类如下：典型工作事故——87%；在家与工作场所之间发生的通勤事故——18%；以及工作疾病（仅2例）。大多数工人（50%）年龄在25至45岁之间，约7%的工人年龄在18岁以下。男性工人占事故案例的83.2%。（摘要截取自250词）
