Bowling Robert D, Higgins Randall A, Ahmad Aqeel, Wilde Gerald
Dupont Agriculture and Nutrition, 501 Pine, Dumas TX 79029, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2007 Aug;100(4):1221-8. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[1221:fbagoc]2.0.co;2.
The effect of Dipel 4L in artificial diet on feeding behavior, occurrence on a specific diet, and growth of corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), was assessed in short-term tests. Third-, fourth-, and fifth-stage laboratory-reared and feral corn earworm larvae were evaluated. Arenas used for each assay included a non-Dipel diet, Dipel-containing diet, and a combination of the two diets. Larval activity was observed immediately after exposure to diet and at 6 and 18 h for third instars and at 6, 8, and 24 h for fourth and fifth instars, respectively. Feral and laboratory-reared third, fourth, and feral fifth instars avoided Dipel-treated diet when more suitable food was available. Third and fourth instars consistently preferred non-Dipel-containing diet when presented a choice of foods. Corn earworm growth was delayed when larvae were subjected to Dipel-treated diet in choice and no-choice assays compared with larvae provided untreated diet. Larvae presented a choice of diets grew more rapidly than those presented Dipel-treated diets in no choice arenas. Larval feeding frequency and weight gain were superior when larvae were supplied untreated diet than when restricted solely to a Dipel-treated diet. Larvae presented a choice of diets spent more time feeding and fed more frequently on untreated diet than Dipel-treated food. These data indicate that corn earworm presented a choice of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and non-Bt diets may have an increased probability of completing development compared with those restricted to Bt-laced sources.
在短期试验中评估了人工饲料中双丙氨酰菌素4L对玉米穗虫（Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)，鳞翅目：夜蛾科）取食行为、在特定饲料上的出现情况以及生长的影响。对实验室饲养和野外采集的第三、第四和第五龄期玉米穗虫幼虫进行了评估。每次试验使用的试验场包括不含双丙氨酰菌素的饲料、含双丙氨酰菌素的饲料以及这两种饲料的组合。分别在第三龄期幼虫接触饲料后立即以及6小时和18小时，第四和第五龄期幼虫接触饲料后6小时、8小时和24小时观察幼虫活动。当有更合适的食物时，野外采集的和实验室饲养的第三、第四龄期幼虫以及野外采集的第五龄期幼虫会避开经双丙氨酰菌素处理的饲料。当提供食物选择时，第三和第四龄期幼虫始终更喜欢不含双丙氨酰菌素的饲料。与提供未处理饲料的幼虫相比，在选择试验和无选择试验中，接触经双丙氨酰菌素处理饲料的玉米穗虫幼虫生长延迟。在有食物选择的试验场中，有食物选择的幼虫比只接触经双丙氨酰菌素处理饲料的幼虫生长得更快。当幼虫食用未处理饲料时，其取食频率和体重增加优于仅食用经双丙氨酰菌素处理饲料的幼虫。有食物选择的幼虫在未处理饲料上取食的时间更多，取食频率也比经双丙氨酰菌素处理的食物更高。这些数据表明，与只食用含苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）饲料的玉米穗虫相比，有Bt和非Bt饲料选择的玉米穗虫完成发育的概率可能更高。
