Dellenbach Myriam, Zimprich Daniel
Universität Zürich, Psychologisches Institut, Lehrstuhl Gerontopsychologie, Binzmühlestrasse 14/24, CH-8050, Zurich, Switzerland.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2008 Mar;15(2):208-31. doi: 10.1080/13825580701338094.
Typical Intellectual Engagement (TIE) comprises the preference to engage in cognitively demanding activities and has been proposed as a potential explanatory variable of individual differences in cognitive abilities. Little is known, however, about the factorial structure of TIE, its relations to socio-demographic variables, and its influence on intellectual functioning in old age. In the present study, data of 364 adults (65-81 years) from the Zurich Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging (ZULU) were used to investigate the factorial structure of TIE and to examine the hypothesis that TIE is associated more strongly with crystallized intelligence than with fluid intelligence in old age. A measurement model of a second order factor based on a structure of four correlated first order factors (Reading, Problem Solving, Abstract Thinking, and Intellectual Curiosity) evinced an excellent fit. After controlling for age, sex, and formal education, TIE was more strongly associated with crystallized intelligence than with fluid intelligence, comparable to results in younger persons. More detailed analyses showed that this association is mostly defined via Reading and Intellectual Curiosity.
典型智力参与（TIE）包括参与认知要求较高活动的偏好，并已被提出作为认知能力个体差异的一个潜在解释变量。然而，关于TIE的因子结构、其与社会人口统计学变量的关系以及其对老年人智力功能的影响，我们所知甚少。在本研究中，来自苏黎世认知老化纵向研究（ZULU）的364名成年人（65 - 81岁）的数据被用于研究TIE的因子结构，并检验TIE在老年时与晶体智力的关联比与流体智力的关联更强这一假设。基于四个相关一阶因子（阅读、解决问题、抽象思维和求知欲）结构的二阶因子测量模型显示出极佳的拟合度。在控制了年龄、性别和正规教育后,TIE与晶体智力的关联比与流体智力的关联更强，这与年轻人的结果相当。更详细的分析表明，这种关联主要通过阅读和求知欲来界定。
