Tillman Carin M, Thorell Lisa B, Brocki Karin C, Bohlin Gunilla
Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Child Neuropsychol. 2008 Jan;14(1):42-59. doi: 10.1080/09297040701249020.
The main aim of this study was to investigate the developmental course of motor response inhibition and execution as measured by the stop-signal task in a population-based sample of 525 4- to 12-year-olds. A further aspiration of the study was to enhance the limited knowledge on how the various stop-signal measures relate to ADHD behaviors in a normal sample. We also wanted to contribute to the theoretical understanding of the various stop-signal measures by examining the relations between the stop-signal measures and performance on tasks reflecting other aspects of response inhibition and execution. Our results showed that the ability to inhibit as well as to execute a motor response as measured by the stop-signal task improved with age during childhood. Of specific interest are the findings suggesting that this task captures the development of motor response inhibition in the late preschool years (age 5 years). Both of the inhibition measures derived from the stop-signal task (i.e., SSRT and probability of inhibition) related significantly to teacher ratings of inattention as well as to performance on tasks tapping other aspects of inhibition. The data provided by this study have thus contributed to the scarce knowledge on early development of motor response inhibition, as well as suggested that the stop-signal task may be a valuable tool for capturing deficient motor response inhibition in ADHD behaviors in normal samples.
本研究的主要目的是在一个包含525名4至12岁儿童的基于人群的样本中，通过停止信号任务来调查运动反应抑制和执行的发展过程。该研究的另一个目标是增进对正常样本中各种停止信号测量与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）行为之间关系的有限认识。我们还希望通过研究停止信号测量与反映反应抑制和执行其他方面的任务表现之间的关系，为对各种停止信号测量的理论理解做出贡献。我们的结果表明，在童年时期，通过停止信号任务测量的抑制和执行运动反应的能力会随着年龄增长而提高。特别值得关注的是，研究结果表明该任务能够捕捉到学龄前晚期（5岁）运动反应抑制的发展情况。从停止信号任务得出的两种抑制测量指标（即停止信号反应时和抑制概率）都与教师对注意力不集中的评分以及涉及抑制其他方面的任务表现显著相关。因此，本研究提供的数据有助于丰富对运动反应抑制早期发展的认识，同时也表明停止信号任务可能是一种在正常样本中捕捉ADHD行为中运动反应抑制缺陷的有价值工具。
