Shirmeen Amra, Khan Muhammad F H, Khan Khizer H, Khan Khurum H
Ulster Community Hospital Trust, Dundonald, United Kingdom.
Ulster Med J. 2007 Sep;76(3):144-5.
To investigate the impact of fertility control efforts on reducing fertility and to study the contributory role of fertility inhibiting factors viz, age of the marriage, breast feeding and post-partum amenorrhea, abortion and use of contraceptives in selected area in Karachi, Pakistan. The aim was to estimate the gap between knowledge of contraceptives and its practice i.e. KAP-GAP as well as to determine the level of unmet need in the PIB colony in Karachi.
A sample survey was conducted in PIB colony in Karachi from October 2005 to November 2005 by interviewing 340 married women in reproductive ages. The data was tabulated and John Bongaarts technique was used to analyse the success of fertility control efforts in the selected area.
Of the total of 340 respondents, 38% were currently using contraceptive methods with 26% using OCP's and 12% were condom users. A slight reduction in total fertility (TFR) was noticed.
The population policy of Pakistan envisages achieving population stabilization in 2020 by reducing the annual rate of population growth from 1.9% to 1.3% and TFR at 2.1. This target requires strenuous efforts to make the concept of small family an accepted milieu through an eagerly designed communication and education campaign. Concentration on proximate determinants of fertility particularly breast feeding and prolonging birth interval will not generate opposition from the community because these concepts are in accordance with Islamic injunctions and teachings.
调查生育控制措施对降低生育率的影响，并研究生育抑制因素（即结婚年龄、母乳喂养、产后闭经、人工流产和避孕药具的使用）在巴基斯坦卡拉奇选定地区所起的作用。目的是估计避孕知识与实际应用之间的差距，即知识、态度与实践差距（KAP差距），并确定卡拉奇PIB聚居区未满足的需求水平。
2005年10月至2005年11月，在卡拉奇的PIB聚居区进行了一项抽样调查，采访了340名育龄已婚妇女。数据被制成表格，并采用约翰·邦加茨技术分析选定地区生育控制措施的成效。
在340名受访者中，38%的人目前正在使用避孕方法，其中26%使用口服避孕药，12%使用避孕套。总生育率（TFR）略有下降。
巴基斯坦的人口政策设想通过将年人口增长率从1.9%降至1.3%，并将总生育率降至2.1，在2020年实现人口稳定。这一目标需要做出巨大努力，通过精心设计的宣传和教育活动，使小家庭观念成为被接受的社会环境。关注生育率的直接决定因素（特别是母乳喂养和延长生育间隔）不会引起社区的反对，因为这些观念符合伊斯兰教的戒律和教义。
