Joshi Sanket, Bharucha Chirag, Desai Anjana J
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, Gujarat, India.
Bioresour Technol. 2008 Jul;99(11):4603-8. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.07.030. Epub 2007 Sep 12.
A biosurfactant producing strain, Bacillus subtilis 20B, was isolated from fermented food in India. The strain also showed inhibition of various fungi in in-vitro experiments on Potato Dextrose Agar medium. It was capable of growth at temperature 55 degrees C and salts up to 7%. It utilized different sugars, alcohols, hydrocarbons and oil as a carbon source, with preference for sugars. In glucose based minimal medium it produced biosurfactant which reduced surface tension to 29.5 mN/m, interfacial tension to 4.5 mN/m and gave stable emulsion with crude oil and n-hexadecane. The biosurfactant activity was stable at high temperature, a wide range of pH and salt concentrations for five days. Oil displacement experiments using biosurfactant containing broth in sand pack columns with crude oil showed 30.22% recovery. The possible application of organism as biocontrol agent and use of biosurfactant in microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is discussed.
从印度发酵食品中分离出一株产生物表面活性剂的菌株——枯草芽孢杆菌20B。在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基上进行的体外实验中，该菌株还对多种真菌表现出抑制作用。它能够在55摄氏度的温度和高达7%的盐浓度下生长。它利用不同的糖类、醇类、碳氢化合物和油类作为碳源，尤其偏好糖类。在以葡萄糖为基础的基本培养基中，它产生的生物表面活性剂可将表面张力降低至29.5毫牛/米，界面张力降低至4.5毫牛/米，并与原油和正十六烷形成稳定乳液。生物表面活性剂的活性在高温、广泛的pH值和盐浓度范围内可稳定保持五天。在装有原油的砂柱中使用含生物表面活性剂的发酵液进行驱油实验，采收率达30.22%。本文讨论了该菌株作为生物防治剂的潜在应用以及生物表面活性剂在微生物强化采油（MEOR）中的应用。
