Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India.
Department of Microbiology, Michael Madhusudan Memorial College, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713216, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2023 Jul 4;205(8):274. doi: 10.1007/s00203-023-03619-4.
Highly hydrophobic compounds like petroleum and their byproducts, once released into the environment, can persist indefinitely by virtue of their ability to resist microbial degradation, ultimately paving the path to severe environmental pollution. Likewise, the accumulation of toxic heavy metals like lead, cadmium, chromium, etc., in the surroundings poses an alarming threat to various living organisms. To remediate the matter in question, the applicability of a biosurfactant produced from the mangrove bacterium Bacillus pumilus NITDID1 (Accession No. KY678446.1) is reported here. The structural characterization of the produced biosurfactant revealed it to be a lipopeptide and has been identified as pumilacidin through FTIR, NMR, and MALDI-TOF MS. The critical micelle concentration of pumilacidin was 120 mg/L, and it showed a wide range of stability in surface tension reduction experiments under various environmental conditions and exhibited a high emulsification index of as much as 90%. In a simulated setup of engine oil-contaminated sand, considerable oil recovery (39.78%) by this biosurfactant was observed, and upon being added to a microbial consortium, there was an appreciable enhancement in the degradation of the used engine oil. As far as the heavy metal removal potential of biosurfactant is concerned, as much as 100% and 82% removal was observed for lead and cadmium, respectively. Thus, in a nutshell, the pumilacidin produced from Bacillus pumilus NITDID1 holds promise for multifaceted applications in the field of environmental remediation.
高度疏水的化合物，如石油及其副产品，一旦释放到环境中，由于其能够抵抗微生物降解的能力，它们可以无限期地存在，最终导致严重的环境污染。同样，有毒重金属如铅、镉、铬等在环境中的积累，对各种生物构成了严重的威胁。为了解决这个问题，报道了一种来源于红树林细菌 Bacillus pumilus NITDID1（登录号 KY678446.1）的生物表面活性剂的应用。所产生的生物表面活性剂的结构特征表明它是一种脂肽，并通过 FTIR、NMR 和 MALDI-TOF MS 被鉴定为 pumilacidin。pumilacidin 的临界胶束浓度为 120mg/L，在各种环境条件下的表面张力降低实验中表现出广泛的稳定性，并且具有高达 90%的高乳化指数。在模拟的机油污染砂中，这种生物表面活性剂可回收相当大的油量（39.78%），并且在添加到微生物联合体后，可显著增强用过的发动机油的降解。就生物表面活性剂的重金属去除潜力而言，铅和镉的去除率分别达到了 100%和 82%。因此，简而言之，来源于 Bacillus pumilus NITDID1 的 pumilacidin 在环境修复领域具有多方面的应用前景。
