Tanaka Keiko, Miyake Yoshihiro, Arakawa Masashi, Sasaki Satoshi, Ohya Yukihiro
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Ann Epidemiol. 2007 Dec;17(12):1004-10. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.07.108. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
Evidence remains inconclusive as to whether environmental tobacco smoke is a risk factor for allergic disorders in childhood. The present large-scale cross-sectional study examined the relationship between passive smoking at home and the prevalence of allergic disorders in Japanese schoolchildren.
Study subjects were 23,044 children aged 6 to 15 years in Okinawa. Outcomes were based on diagnostic criteria from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Adjustment was made for sex, age, region of residence, number of siblings, paternal and maternal history of asthma, atopic eczema, or allergic rhinitis, as well as paternal and maternal educational level.
The prevalence of wheeze, asthma, atopic eczema, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in the previous 12 months was 10.7%, 7.6%, 6.8%, and 7.7%, respectively. Current heavy passive smoking and 7.0 or more pack-years of smoking in the household were independently related to an increased prevalence of wheeze and asthma, especially in children 6 to 10 years of age and children with a positive parental allergic history. There was no dose-response relationship between pack-years of smoking in the household and atopic eczema or allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.
Our findings suggested that environmental tobacco smoke might be associated with an increased prevalence of wheeze and asthma in Japanese children.
关于环境烟草烟雾是否为儿童过敏性疾病的危险因素，证据仍不确凿。本大规模横断面研究调查了日本学童在家中被动吸烟与过敏性疾病患病率之间的关系。
研究对象为冲绳县23,044名6至15岁的儿童。结局基于儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究的诊断标准。对性别、年龄、居住地区、兄弟姐妹数量、父母哮喘、特应性皮炎或过敏性鼻炎病史以及父母教育程度进行了调整。
在过去12个月中，喘息、哮喘、特应性皮炎和过敏性鼻结膜炎的患病率分别为10.7%、7.6%、6.8%和7.7%。当前家中重度被动吸烟以及家庭吸烟量达到7.0包年及以上与喘息和哮喘患病率增加独立相关，尤其是在6至10岁的儿童以及有父母过敏史阳性的儿童中。家庭吸烟包年数与特应性皮炎或过敏性鼻结膜炎之间不存在剂量反应关系。
我们的研究结果表明，环境烟草烟雾可能与日本儿童喘息和哮喘患病率增加有关。
