Kaiser Marcus
School of Computing Science, University of Newcastle, Claremont Tower, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2007 Dec 15;365(1861):3033-45. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2007.0007.
Fifty years ago, John von Neumann compared the architecture of the brain with that of the computers he invented and which are still in use today. In those days, the organization of computers was based on concepts of brain organization. Here, we give an update on current results on the global organization of neural systems. For neural systems, we outline how the spatial and topological architecture of neuronal and cortical networks facilitates robustness against failures, fast processing and balanced network activation. Finally, we discuss mechanisms of self-organization for such architectures. After all, the organization of the brain might again inspire computer architecture.
五十年前，约翰·冯·诺依曼将大脑的架构与他发明且至今仍在使用的计算机架构做了比较。在那个时候，计算机的组织架构是基于大脑组织的概念。在此，我们给出神经系统全局组织当前研究成果的最新情况。对于神经系统，我们概述了神经元和皮层网络的空间与拓扑架构如何促进对故障的鲁棒性、快速处理以及网络激活的平衡。最后，我们讨论这种架构的自组织机制。毕竟，大脑的组织架构可能会再次启发计算机架构。
