Burnfield Judith M, Powers Christopher M
Movement Sciences Center, Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Engineering, Madonna Rehabilitation Hospital, 5401 South Street, Lincoln, NE 68506, USA.
J Forensic Sci. 2007 Nov;52(6):1328-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00549.x. Epub 2007 Sep 15.
Slips frequently occur when the friction required between the foot and floor exceeds available surface slip resistance. To date, the ability to identify variables that predict an individual's friction needs during walking, or utilized coefficient of friction (COFU), remains limited. Understanding COFU in the context of pedestrian/walkway accidents is important as individuals who demonstrate higher COFU are at a greater risk of slipping. This study determined if whole body center of mass (CM) kinematics were predictive of peak COFU during walking. Ground reaction forces and kinematic data were recorded simultaneously as subjects walked. Stepwise regression analysis determined that the combination of the subject's CM-to-center-of-pressure angle and CM anterior (i.e., forward) velocity predicted 62% of the variance in peak COFU during weight acceptance (p < 0.001). The identified relationships between CM kinematics and peak COFU provide insight into how gait and individual anthropometric characteristics may increase risk for slip initiation.
当足部与地面之间所需的摩擦力超过可用的表面防滑阻力时，滑倒频繁发生。迄今为止，识别预测个体行走时摩擦需求或使用摩擦系数（COFU）的变量的能力仍然有限。在行人/人行道事故的背景下理解COFU很重要，因为表现出较高COFU的个体滑倒风险更大。本研究确定全身质心（CM）运动学是否可预测行走过程中的峰值COFU。当受试者行走时，同时记录地面反作用力和运动学数据。逐步回归分析确定，受试者的质心与压力中心角度和质心向前（即向前）速度的组合可预测负重过程中峰值COFU方差的62%（p < 0.001）。质心运动学与峰值COFU之间确定的关系为步态和个体人体测量特征如何增加滑倒起始风险提供了见解。
