Jacquelin Perry Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Research Laboratory, Division of Biokinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, 1540 E. Alcazar St., CHP-155, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States.
Gait Posture. 2011 May;34(1):107-10. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.03.023. Epub 2011 May 4.
Wearing high heel shoes has been associated with an increased potential for slips and falls. The association between wearing high heels and the increased potential for slipping suggests that the friction demand while wearing high heels may be greater when compared to wearing low heel shoes. The purpose of this study was to determine if heel height affects utilized friction (uCOF) during walking. A secondary purpose of this study was to compare kinematics at the ankle, knee, and hip that may explain uCOF differences among shoes with varied heel heights. Fifteen healthy women (mean age 24.5±2.5yrs) participated. Subjects walked at self-selected velocity under 3 different shoe conditions that varied in heel height (low: 1.27cm, medium: 6.35cm, and high: 9.53cm). Ground reaction forces (GRFs) were recorded using a force platform (1560Hz). Kinematic data were obtained using an 8 camera motion analysis system (120Hz). Utilized friction was calculated as the ratio of resultant shear force to vertical force. One-way repeated measures ANOVAs were performed to test for differences in peak uCOF, GRFs at peak uCOF and lower extremity joint angles at peak uCOF. On average, peak uCOF was found to increase with heel height. The increased uCOF observed in high heel shoes was related to an increase in the resultant shear force and decrease in the vertical force. Our results signify the need for proper public education and increased footwear industry awareness of how high heel shoes affect slip risk.
穿高跟鞋与滑倒的潜在风险增加有关。高跟鞋与滑倒潜在风险之间的关联表明，与穿低跟鞋相比，穿高跟鞋时的摩擦需求可能更大。本研究的目的是确定鞋跟高度是否会影响行走时的利用摩擦（uCOF）。本研究的次要目的是比较踝关节、膝关节和髋关节的运动学，以解释不同鞋跟高度的鞋子之间 uCOF 差异的原因。15 名健康女性（平均年龄 24.5±2.5 岁）参与了本研究。在 3 种不同鞋跟高度（低：1.27cm，中：6.35cm，高：9.53cm）的情况下，参与者以自我选择的速度行走。使用力平台（1560Hz）记录地面反作用力（GRFs）。使用 8 摄像机运动分析系统（120Hz）获取运动学数据。利用摩擦被计算为剪切力与垂直力的比值。进行单向重复测量方差分析以检验峰值 uCOF、峰值 uCOF 时的 GRFs 和峰值 uCOF 时的下肢关节角度的差异。平均而言，峰值 uCOF 随鞋跟高度的增加而增加。在高跟鞋中观察到的增加的 uCOF 与剪切力的增加和垂直力的减少有关。我们的研究结果表明，需要进行适当的公众教育，并提高制鞋行业对高跟鞋如何影响滑倒风险的认识。
