Sayim Ferah
Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2007 Nov;59(3-4):237-43. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2007.05.008. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
Dimethoate is an organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide used for the control of a wide range of insects, including houseflies and mites, on a variety of fruits, vegetables, field and forestry crops. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of orally administered dimethoate in Wistar albino rats, based on the histopathological and biochemical findings in the liver. The animals of the exposed groups were fed with laboratory chow combined with 2, 8 or 20 mg/kg body weight/day dimethoate for 90 consecutive days under controlled laboratory conditions. At the end of the experiment, body weight gain, absolute and relative liver weights, liver cholinesterase activities and total protein levels were determined. Histopathological changes in the liver were also determined using a light microscope. Results showed that there were decreases in relative liver weights of exposed rats. Although liver total protein levels were significantly increased, liver cholinesterase activities were decreased in all exposed groups. Dimethoate caused dose-related histopathological changes such as mononuclear cell infiltration, congestion, an enlargement of the veins and sinusoids, hepatocellular damage, necrotic changes, an increase in the number of Kupffer cells, cytoplasmic vacuolization and degeneration in nuclei in the liver of exposed rats. These effects did not vary between the sexes.
乐果是一种有机磷杀虫剂和杀螨剂，用于防治各种水果、蔬菜、大田和林业作物上的多种昆虫，包括家蝇和螨虫。本研究的目的是根据肝脏的组织病理学和生化结果，评估经口给予乐果对Wistar白化大鼠的亚慢性毒性。在受控的实验室条件下，连续90天给暴露组动物喂食添加了2、8或20毫克/千克体重/天乐果的实验室饲料。实验结束时，测定体重增加、肝脏绝对重量和相对重量、肝脏胆碱酯酶活性以及总蛋白水平。还使用光学显微镜确定肝脏的组织病理学变化。结果表明，暴露大鼠的肝脏相对重量降低。虽然所有暴露组的肝脏总蛋白水平显著升高，但肝脏胆碱酯酶活性降低。乐果引起了与剂量相关的组织病理学变化，如单核细胞浸润、充血、静脉和血窦扩张、肝细胞损伤、坏死变化、枯否细胞数量增加、细胞质空泡化以及暴露大鼠肝脏细胞核变性。这些影响在性别之间没有差异。
