Working memory for language is not special: evidence for an articulatory loop for novel stimuli.

The "articulatory loop" for rehearsal of verbal materials in working memory has been shown not to be a unique hard-wired structure associated with spoken language. Specifically, a parallel rehearsal process for sign language occurs in fluent signers. Here we show that the same rehearsal process can occur for unfamiliar, nonmeaningful body movements. We conclude that working memory maintenance does not rely on a dedicated architecture, but instead involves the strategic recruitment of resources as needed for the task demands.