Carrasco José Miguel, Pérez-Gómez Beatriz, García-Mendizábal Maria José, Lope Virginia, Aragonés Nuria, Forjaz Maria João, Guallar-Castillón Pilar, López-Abente Gonzalo, Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando, Pollán Marina
Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
BMC Public Health. 2007 Sep 17;7:245. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-245.
In 2002 the oil-tanker Prestige sank off the Galician coast. This study analyzes the effect of this accident on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and mental health in the affected population.
Using random sampling stratified by age and sex, 2700 residents were selected from 7 coastal and 7 inland Galician towns. Two exposure criteria were considered: a) residential exposure, i.e., coast versus interior; and b) individual exposure-unaffected, slightly affected, or seriously affected-according to degree of personal affectation. SF-36, GHQ-28, HADS and GADS questionnaires were used to assess HRQoL and mental health. Association of exposure with suboptimal scores was summarized using adjusted odds ratios (OR) obtained from logistic regression.
For residential exposure, the SF-36 showed coastal residents as having a lower likelihood of registering suboptimal HRQoL values in physical functioning (OR:0.69; 95%CI:0.54-0.89) and bodily pain (OR:0.74; 95%CI:0.62-0.91), and a higher frequency of suboptimal scores in mental health (OR:1.28; 95%CI:1.02-1.58). None of the dimensions of the other questionnaires displayed statistically significant differences. For individual exposure, no substantial differences were observed, though the SF-36 physical functioning dimension rose (showed better scores) with level of exposure (91.51 unaffected, 93.86 slightly affected, 95.28 seriously affected, p < 0.001).
Almost one and a half years after the accident, worse HRQoL and mental health levels were not in evidence among subjects exposed to the oil-spill. Nevertheless, some of the scales suggest the possibility of slight impact on the mental health of residents in the affected areas.
2002年，油轮“威望号”在加利西亚海岸附近沉没。本研究分析了这起事故对受影响人群健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）和心理健康的影响。
采用按年龄和性别分层的随机抽样方法，从加利西亚7个沿海城镇和7个内陆城镇中选取了2700名居民。考虑了两个暴露标准：a）居住暴露，即沿海地区与内陆地区；b）个体暴露——根据个人受影响程度分为未受影响、轻度受影响或重度受影响。使用SF - 36、GHQ - 28、HADS和GADS问卷来评估健康相关生活质量和心理健康。通过逻辑回归得到的调整优势比（OR）总结暴露与次优分数之间的关联。
对于居住暴露，SF - 36显示沿海居民在身体功能（OR：0.69；95%CI：0.54 - 0.89）和身体疼痛（OR：0.74；95%CI：0.62 - 0.91）方面出现次优HRQoL值的可能性较低，而在心理健康方面次优分数的频率较高（OR：1.28；95%CI：1.02 - 1.58）。其他问卷的维度均未显示出统计学上的显著差异。对于个体暴露，未观察到实质性差异，尽管SF - 36身体功能维度随着暴露程度的增加而上升（分数更好）（未受影响组为91.51，轻度受影响组为93.86，重度受影响组为95.28，p < 0.001）。
事故发生近一年半后，接触漏油的人群中未出现更差的健康相关生活质量和心理健康水平。然而，一些量表表明受影响地区居民的心理健康可能受到轻微影响。
