Resano M, Esteban E, González-Pérez E, Vía M, Athanasiadis G, Avena S, Goicoechea A, Bartomioli M, Fernández V, Cabrera A, Dejean C, Carnese F, Moral P
Unitat d'Antropologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Am J Hum Biol. 2007 Nov-Dec;19(6):827-35. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.20648.
The city of Bahía Blanca occupies a strategic place in Argentina south of the Pampean region in the north-east corner of the Patagonia. Since 1828, this city has been the historical and political border between Amerindian lands in the south, and the lands of European colonists. Nowadays, Bahía Blanca is an urban population mainly composed by descendents of immigrants from Spain and other European countries with apparently low admixture with Amerindians. In view of the unexpectedly high Amerindian admixture levels (about 46.7%) suggested by mtDNA data, and protein markers (19.5%), we analyzed a set of 19 Alu polymorphisms (18 autosomal, 1 of Chromosome Y) in a well-documented genealogical sample from Bahía Blanca. The genotyped sample was made up of 119 unrelated healthy individuals whose birth place and grandparent origins were fully documented. According to available genealogical records, the total sample has been subdivided into two groups: Bahía Blanca Original (64 individuals with all 4 gandparents born in Argentina) and Bahía Blanca Mix (55 individuals with one to three grandparents born out of Argentina). Allele frequencies and gene diversity values in Bahía Blanca fit well into the European ranges. Population relationships have been tested for 8 Alu markers, whose variation has been described in several Amerindian and European samples. Reynolds genetic distances underline the significant genetic similarity of Bahía Blanca to Europeans (mean distance 0.044) and their differentiation from Amerindians (0.146). Interestingly enough, when the general sample is divided, Bahía Blanca Original appears slightly closer to Amerindians (0.127) in contrast to Bahía Blanca Mix (0.161). Furthermore, the genetic relationships depicted through a principal components analysis emphasize the relative similarity of Bahía Blanca Original to Amerindians. A thorough knowledge of the sample origins has allowed us to make a subtle distinction of the genetic composition of Bahía Blanca.
布兰卡港这座城市在阿根廷占据着战略要地，位于潘帕斯地区以南、巴塔哥尼亚东北角。自1828年以来，这座城市一直是南部美洲印第安人土地与欧洲殖民者土地之间的历史和政治边界。如今，布兰卡港的城市人口主要由西班牙和其他欧洲国家移民的后裔组成，与美洲印第安人的混合程度明显较低。鉴于线粒体DNA数据和蛋白质标记显示出意外高的美洲印第安人混合水平（约46.7%）以及（19.5%），我们在一份来自布兰卡港的有详尽记录的家谱样本中分析了一组19个Alu多态性位点（18个常染色体位点，1个Y染色体位点）。基因分型样本由119名无亲缘关系的健康个体组成，他们的出生地和祖父母来源都有完整记录。根据现有的家谱记录，总样本被细分为两组：布兰卡港原住民组（64人，其4位祖父母均出生于阿根廷）和布兰卡港混合组（55人，有一至三位祖父母出生于阿根廷境外）。布兰卡港的等位基因频率和基因多样性值与欧洲范围相符。对8个Alu标记进行了群体关系测试，这些标记的变异已在多个美洲印第安人和欧洲样本中有所描述。雷诺兹遗传距离强调了布兰卡港与欧洲人显著的遗传相似性（平均距离0.044）以及它们与美洲印第安人的差异（0.146）。有趣的是，当对总体样本进行划分时，布兰卡港原住民组与美洲印第安人显得稍近一些（0.127），而布兰卡港混合组则为（0.161）。此外，通过主成分分析描绘的遗传关系强调了布兰卡港原住民组与美洲印第安人的相对相似性。对样本来源的深入了解使我们能够对布兰卡港的遗传组成做出细微区分。
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