Piesman Joseph, Eisen Lars
Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA.
Annu Rev Entomol. 2008;53:323-43. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ento.53.103106.093429.
Tick-borne diseases are on the rise. Lyme borreliosis is prevalent throughout the Northern Hemisphere, and the same Ixodes tick species transmitting the etiologic agents of this disease also serve as vectors of pathogens causing human babesiosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and tick-borne encephalitis. Recently, several novel agents of rickettsial diseases have been described. Despite an explosion of knowledge in the fields of tick biology, genetics, molecular biology, and immunology, transitional research leading to widely applied public health measures to combat tick-borne diseases has not been successful. Except for the vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis virus, and a brief campaign to reduce this disease in the former Soviet Union through widespread application of DDT, success stories in the fight against tick-borne diseases are lacking. Both new approaches to tick and pathogen control and novel ways of translating research findings into practical control measures are needed to prevent tick-borne diseases in the twenty-first century.
蜱传疾病正在增加。莱姆病在北半球普遍存在，传播该疾病病原体的同一种硬蜱也作为导致人类巴贝斯虫病、人类粒细胞无形体病和蜱传脑炎的病原体的传播媒介。最近，已描述了几种新型立克次体病病原体。尽管在蜱生物学、遗传学、分子生物学和免疫学领域知识激增，但导致广泛应用的公共卫生措施来对抗蜱传疾病的转化研究并未成功。除了针对蜱传脑炎病毒的疫苗，以及在前苏联通过广泛使用滴滴涕来减少这种疾病的短暂行动外，在抗击蜱传疾病方面缺乏成功案例。在21世纪，需要新的蜱和病原体控制方法以及将研究结果转化为实际控制措施的新途径来预防蜱传疾病。
