Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Hepatol Res. 2007 Sep;37 Suppl 2:S294-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2007.00200.x.
Viral hepatitis due to chronic hepatitis B and C virus (HBV/HCV) infects more than 500 000 000 individuals worldwide. These chronic viral diseases are highly linked to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fifth most common cause of cancer death worldwide. HCC is much more common in Asia and Africa than in the USA and Europe, although HCC is one of the few cancers with a rising incidence in the USA. There are 530 000 cases of HCC worldwide of which 82% are related to viral hepatitis. 316 000 cases of HCC are HBV-associated, 118 000 are HCV-associated. The most effective way to prevent HCC is to prevent viral infection through immunization. Currently there are effective vaccinesagainst hepatitis B and A, but not against HCV, the virus that accounts for most HCC in the USA. The published work supporting the use of antiviral therapy in preventing liver cancer is limited. Data supporting the use of antiviral therapy in preventing recurrence of HCC after initial anticancer approaches is even less available. Nevertheless, the weight of evidence suggests that treatment of HBV/HCV-related fibrosis will reduce the risk of developing HCC.
全世界有超过 5 亿人感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）引起的慢性病毒性肝炎。这些慢性病毒性疾病与肝细胞癌（HCC）的发展高度相关，HCC 是全球第五大常见癌症死亡原因。HCC 在亚洲和非洲比在美国和欧洲更为常见，尽管 HCC 是美国发病率上升的少数癌症之一。全世界有 53 万例 HCC，其中 82%与病毒性肝炎有关。31.6 万例 HCC 与 HBV 相关，11.8 万例与 HCV 相关。预防 HCC 的最有效方法是通过免疫接种预防病毒感染。目前有针对乙型肝炎和甲型肝炎的有效疫苗，但没有针对丙型肝炎的疫苗，丙型肝炎是美国大多数 HCC 的罪魁祸首。支持抗病毒治疗用于预防肝癌的数据有限。支持抗病毒治疗用于预防初始抗癌方法后 HCC 复发的数据则更少。然而，现有证据表明，治疗 HBV/HCV 相关纤维化将降低发生 HCC 的风险。
