Mayor S
Int J Clin Pract. 2007 Oct;61(10):1773-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01547.x.
Health services around the world are being encouraged to develop systems to screen people at high risk for type 2 diabetes and measures to reduce progression to the disease in a global consensus statement on diabetes prevention from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) (1). After reviewing relevant research, the consensus group found growing evidence that earlier detection of people with impaired glucose tolerance and others at high risk, followed by interventions to delay or prevent type 2 diabetes and improve glucose control, can achieve clinically important reductions in the incidence of diabetes and its complications and comorbidities. To identify those at high risk, the consensus recommends opportunistic screening by healthcare professionals, using a simple checklist for risk factors including age, waist circumference and family history. Plasma glucose should be measured in those found to be at high risk. People with impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose should then be prioritised for lifestyle interventions, including advice on weight management, healthy eating and regular physical activity, to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes. At a population level, the IDF consensus is recommending that governments develop national diabetes plans. These should include measures to encourage people to take regular, moderate exercise and maintain a healthy weight. Children should be encouraged to attain and maintain weight for height in the normal range.
国际糖尿病联合会（IDF）发布的一份关于糖尿病预防的全球共识声明鼓励世界各地的卫生服务机构建立系统，以筛查2型糖尿病高危人群，并采取措施降低疾病进展风险（1）。在审查相关研究后，共识小组发现越来越多的证据表明，早期发现糖耐量受损者和其他高危人群，随后进行干预以延缓或预防2型糖尿病并改善血糖控制，可以在临床上显著降低糖尿病及其并发症和合并症的发病率。为了识别高危人群，共识建议医疗保健专业人员进行机会性筛查，使用一份包含年龄、腰围和家族史等风险因素的简单清单。对于被发现为高危人群的个体，应测量其血糖水平。糖耐量受损和空腹血糖受损者应优先接受生活方式干预，包括体重管理、健康饮食和定期体育锻炼方面的建议，以防止进展为2型糖尿病。在人群层面，IDF共识建议各国政府制定国家糖尿病计划。这些计划应包括鼓励人们定期进行适度运动和保持健康体重的措施。应鼓励儿童达到并保持身高对应的正常体重范围。
