Mannino David M, Braman Sidney
University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, 740 South Limestone, K-528 Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2007 Oct 1;4(7):502-6. doi: 10.1513/pats.200701-001FM.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease responsible for a large human and economic burden around the world. Cigarette smoking is the main risk factor for COPD in the developed world, although other important risk factors include occupational exposures, air pollution, airway hyperresponsiveness, asthma, and genetic predisposition. In most of the world, COPD prevalence and mortality continue to rise in response to increases in smoking, particularly by women and adolescents. COPD is also an important cause of disability, and is linked to comorbid diseases, such as depression and cardiovascular disease, which adds to the large economic burden associated with this disorder. Better public health and medical interventions that target both the risk factors for COPD and look toward earlier intervention may decrease the growing public health impact of COPD.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种可预防和可治疗的疾病，在全球造成了巨大的人力和经济负担。在发达国家，吸烟是COPD的主要危险因素，不过其他重要危险因素还包括职业暴露、空气污染、气道高反应性、哮喘和遗传易感性。在世界上大多数地区，由于吸烟人数增加，尤其是女性和青少年吸烟人数增加，COPD的患病率和死亡率持续上升。COPD也是导致残疾的重要原因，并且与抑郁症和心血管疾病等合并症有关，这增加了与该疾病相关的巨大经济负担。针对COPD危险因素并寻求早期干预的更好的公共卫生和医疗干预措施，可能会降低COPD对公共卫生日益增长的影响。
