Britton John R
Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
J Reprod Med. 2007 Aug;52(8):689-95.
To evaluate the relationship between postpartum anxiety and lactation experience, knowledge, confidence and performance.
State anxiety was measured among breast-feeding women by the State Trait Anxiety Inventory before hospital discharge and at 1 month postpartum. Breast-feeding experience and knowledge were assessed by focused questions and confidence by the Breastfeeding Confidence Scale. Breast-feeding performance measures included breast-feeding immediately after delivery; formula supplementation in the hospital; full, exclusive breast-feeding; and breast-feeding termination at 1 month postpartum.
Predischarge anxiety correlated inversely with breast-feeding confidence (r [339] = -0.27, p = 0.000) but not with experience or knowledge. As compared to low-anxiety mothers, those with high anxiety were less likely to breast-feed after delivery (53.0% vs. 65.1%, p = 0.049) and more likely to give their infants formula (43.9% vs. 29.1%, p = 0.022). In logistic regression models adjusting for demographic and social factors, high-anxiety mothers were less likely to practice full, exclusive breast-feeding (AOR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.20, 0.74; p < 0.005) and more likely to have terminated breastfeeding at 1 month (AOR = 4.40; 95% CI 1.70, 11.33; p < 0.005).
Postpartum anxiety may be associated with reduced breast-feeding confidence and lactation performance. Awareness of this association may be helpful in identifying women at risk for lactation failure and targeting efforts to promote breast-feeding.
评估产后焦虑与哺乳经历、知识、信心及表现之间的关系。
采用状态特质焦虑量表，在出院前及产后1个月对母乳喂养女性进行状态焦虑测量。通过针对性问题评估母乳喂养经历和知识，采用母乳喂养信心量表评估信心。母乳喂养表现指标包括产后立即母乳喂养；住院期间添加配方奶；完全纯母乳喂养；以及产后1个月停止母乳喂养。
出院前焦虑与母乳喂养信心呈负相关（r[339]=-0.27，p=0.000），但与经历或知识无关。与低焦虑母亲相比，高焦虑母亲产后进行母乳喂养的可能性较小（53.0%对65.1%，p=0.049），给婴儿喂配方奶的可能性较大（43.9%对29.1%，p=0.022）。在调整人口统计学和社会因素的逻辑回归模型中，高焦虑母亲进行完全纯母乳喂养的可能性较小（比值比[AOR]=0.39；95%置信区间[CI]0.20，0.74；p<0.005），产后1个月停止母乳喂养的可能性较大（AOR=4.40；95%CI1.70，11.33；p<0.005）。
产后焦虑可能与母乳喂养信心和哺乳表现降低有关。认识到这种关联可能有助于识别有哺乳失败风险的女性，并针对性地努力促进母乳喂养。
