Marchetto S, de Benedictis F M, de Martino M, Versace A, Chiappini E, Bertaine C, Osimani P, Cordiali R, Gabiano C, Galli L
Department of Paediatrics, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Acta Paediatr. 2007 Oct;96(10):1490-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00465.x.
To describe the chickenpox complications in children in Italy.
Hospital discharge data from 1 January 2002 to 15 June 2006 were queried for patients less than 18 years of age in three Italian paediatric university hospitals.
During the study period, 349 children (189 males, 160 females) were admitted. Thirteen out of 349 (3.7%) of them had serious underlying diseases. Two hundred and sixty-one (74.8%) children (median age: 41 months, range: 6 days -to 200 months) had complicated chickenpox. Among complications, neurological disorders were the most common (100/261 = 38.3%), followed by skin and soft tissue infections (63/261 = 24.1%), lower respiratory tract infections (57/261 = 21.8%) and haematological disorders (24/261 = 9.2%). Children with neurological complications were significantly older and had a longer hospital stay than those with other complications. Three children with encephalitis and cerebellitis had developed long-term sequelae by the 6-month follow-up. The mortality rate was 0.4% (1/261 children with complicated chickenpox).
Chickenpox is a disease that can provoke serious complications and long hospital stays, even in healthy children. Our findings may be useful as background to evaluate the impact of a tetravalent measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine (MMRV) which is going to be introduced in Italy.
描述意大利儿童水痘并发症情况。
查询了2002年1月1日至2006年6月15日期间，意大利三家儿科大学医院18岁以下患者的出院数据。
在研究期间，共收治349名儿童（男189名，女160名）。其中349名中有13名（3.7%）患有严重基础疾病。261名（74.8%）儿童（中位年龄：41个月，范围：6天至200个月）患了水痘并发症。在并发症中，神经系统疾病最为常见（100/261 = 38.3%），其次是皮肤和软组织感染（63/261 = 24.1%）、下呼吸道感染（57/261 = 21.8%）和血液系统疾病（24/261 = 9.2%）。有神经系统并发症的儿童比有其他并发症的儿童年龄显著更大，住院时间更长。3名患脑炎和小脑炎的儿童在6个月随访时出现了长期后遗症。死亡率为0.4%（261名患水痘并发症的儿童中有1名）。
水痘是一种即使在健康儿童中也可能引发严重并发症和长时间住院的疾病。我们的研究结果可能有助于作为评估即将在意大利引入的四价麻疹 - 腮腺炎 - 风疹 - 水痘疫苗（MMRV）影响的背景资料。
