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神经经济学

Neuroeconomics.

作者信息

Loewenstein George, Rick Scott, Cohen Jonathan D

机构信息

Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.

出版信息

Annu Rev Psychol. 2008;59:647-72. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093710.

Abstract

Neuroeconomics has further bridged the once disparate fields of economics and psychology. Such convergence is almost exclusively attributable to changes within economics. Neuroeconomics has inspired more change within economics than within psychology because the most important findings in neuroeconomics have posed more of a challenge to the standard economic perspective. Neuroeconomics has primarily challenged the standard economic assumption that decision making is a unitary process--a simple matter of integrated and coherent utility maximization--suggesting instead that it is driven by the interaction between automatic and controlled processes. This article reviews neuroeconomic research in three domains of interest to both economists and psychologists: decision making under risk and uncertainty, intertemporal choice, and social decision making. In addition to reviewing new economic models inspired by this research, we also discuss how neuroeconomics may influence future work in psychology.

摘要

神经经济学进一步弥合了曾经截然不同的经济学和心理学领域。这种融合几乎完全归因于经济学内部的变化。神经经济学在经济学内部引发的变革比在心理学内部更多,因为神经经济学中最重要的发现对标准经济视角构成了更大的挑战。神经经济学主要挑战了标准经济假设,即决策是一个单一的过程——一个简单的综合和连贯的效用最大化问题——相反,它表明决策是由自动和受控过程之间的相互作用驱动的。本文回顾了经济学家和心理学家都感兴趣的三个领域的神经经济学研究:风险和不确定性下的决策、跨期选择和社会决策。除了回顾受这项研究启发的新经济模型外,我们还讨论了神经经济学如何可能影响心理学未来的工作。

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