当地与体育活动相关的商业设施的可及性与青少年的体育活动

The availability of local-area commercial physical activity-related facilities and physical activity among adolescents.

作者信息

Powell Lisa M, Chaloupka Frank J, Slater Sandy J, Johnston Lloyd D, O'Malley Patrick M

机构信息

Department of Economics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, USA.

出版信息

Am J Prev Med. 2007 Oct;33(4 Suppl):S292-300. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.002

PMID:17884577

Abstract

BACKGROUND

A significant number of American youth do not participate in sufficient levels of physical activity.

METHODS

This article reports the association between the availability of commercial physical activity-related facilities and self-reported physical activity behavior among United States adolescents. Geographic identifiers at the ZIP-code level were used to combine repeated cross-sections of individual-level data on 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade adolescents from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) Survey with external commercial physical activity-related facility outlet density measures obtained from business lists from Dun and Bradstreet for the years 1997 through 2003. The estimation samples based on questions from different survey forms included a total of 195,702 observations on which information on physical activity (sports, athletics, or exercise) was available and 58,876 observations on which information on vigorous exercise behavior was available.

RESULTS

The results showed a statistically significant but very small association between local-area per capita availability of commercial physical activity-related facilities and physical activity behavior among U.S. adolescents. An additional local-area facility per 10,000 capita was associated with only a 0.22 percentage point increase in frequent vigorous exercise among the full sample of adolescents. By gender and grade level, the study found significant associations among female and older students: increasing availability from a low (1 facility) to a high (8 facilities) number of local-area facilities was associated with a 6.6% and 9.0% increase in frequent physical activity and frequent vigorous exercise among 12th-grade girls, respectively, and a 6.4% increase in frequent vigorous exercise among 12th-grade boys.

CONCLUSIONS

Improving the availability of commercial physical activity-related opportunities among underserved populations may help to increase activity levels among older adolescents and girls.

摘要

背景

相当数量的美国青少年没有进行足够强度的体育活动。

方法

本文报告了美国青少年中商业体育活动相关设施的可及性与自我报告的体育活动行为之间的关联。邮政编码级别的地理标识符用于将来自“未来监测”（MTF）调查的8年级、10年级和12年级青少年个人层面数据的重复横截面与1997年至2003年从邓白氏商业列表中获取的外部商业体育活动相关设施网点密度测量值相结合。基于不同调查问卷问题的估计样本总共包括195,702条关于体育活动（运动、竞技或锻炼）信息的观测数据，以及58,876条关于剧烈运动行为信息的观测数据。

结果

结果显示，美国青少年中商业体育活动相关设施的局部地区人均可及性与体育活动行为之间存在统计学上显著但非常小的关联。每万人口增加一个局部地区设施，在青少年全样本中，频繁剧烈运动仅增加0.22个百分点。按性别和年级水平划分，研究发现女性和年龄较大的学生之间存在显著关联：局部地区设施数量从低（1个设施）增加到高（8个设施），12年级女生频繁体育活动和频繁剧烈运动分别增加6.6%和9.0%，12年级男生频繁剧烈运动增加6.4%。