Rutledge Gregory C, Fridrikh Sergey V
Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007 Dec 10;59(14):1384-91. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.04.020. Epub 2007 Aug 22.
Electrostatic fiber formation, also known as "electrospinning", has emerged in recent years as the popular choice for producing continuous threads, fiber arrays and nonwoven fabrics with fiber diameters below 1 microm for a wide range of materials, from biopolymers to ceramics. It benefits from ease of implementation and generality of use. Here, we review some of the basic aspects of the electrospinning process, as it is widely practiced in academic laboratories. For purposes of organization, the process is decomposed into five operational components: fluid charging, formation of the cone-jet, thinning of the steady jet, onset and growth of jet instabilities that give rise to diameter reduction into the submicron regime, and collection of the fibers into useful forms. Dependence of the jetting phenomenon on operating variables is discussed. Continuum level models of the jet thinning and jet instability are also summarized and put in some context.
静电纺丝，也称为“电纺”，近年来已成为一种流行的方法，可用于为从生物聚合物到陶瓷等多种材料生产直径低于1微米的连续长丝、纤维阵列和无纺布。它具有易于实施和通用性强的优点。在此，我们回顾电纺过程的一些基本方面，因为它在学术实验室中广泛应用。为便于组织，该过程被分解为五个操作组件：流体充电、锥状射流的形成、稳定射流的细化、导致直径减小到亚微米范围的射流不稳定性的起始和增长，以及将纤维收集成有用的形式。讨论了射流现象对操作变量的依赖性。还总结了射流细化和射流不稳定性的连续介质水平模型，并将其置于一定背景下。
