Holton John K, Harding Kathryn
Prevent Child Abuse America, 500 N Michigan Ave, Suite 200, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
J Prev Interv Community. 2007;34(1-2):13-38. doi: 10.1300/J005v34n01_02.
Following a 1990 federal report forecasting a national child abuse and neglect epidemic, Prevent Child Abuse America (PCA America) promoted a home visitation program known as Healthy Families America (HFA). HFA achieved rapid adoption and implementation across the nation going from 25 sites in 1992 to 430 in a decade. In this article, the authors describe PCA America's approach to develop, promote, oversee, and evaluate a national home visitation program. Despite its promising growth, HFA has been criticized for failing to achieve the goal of preventing child maltreatment. HFA's past and present are critiqued based on theory and implementation practice of home visitation and its future projected from the perspective of insiders. Developing a better understanding of HFA's history will advance existing models of home visitation and add to the emerging knowledge base of child maltreatment prevention.
1990年一份联邦报告预测全国范围内虐待和忽视儿童的现象将呈泛滥之势,之后,美国预防儿童虐待组织(PCA America)推行了一项名为“美国健康家庭”(HFA)的家访计划。“美国健康家庭”计划在全国迅速得到采用和实施,从1992年的25个实施点发展到十年后的430个。在本文中,作者描述了美国预防儿童虐待组织制定、推广、监督和评估一项全国性家访计划的方法。尽管“美国健康家庭”计划发展前景良好,但仍因未能实现预防虐待儿童的目标而受到批评。本文基于家访的理论和实施实践对“美国健康家庭”计划的过去和现状进行了批判,并从内部人士的角度对其未来进行了预测。更好地了解“美国健康家庭”计划的历史将推动现有的家访模式发展,并丰富预防虐待儿童这一新兴知识领域。