Fonseca Sonya G, Lipson Kathryn L, Urano Fumihiko
Program in Gene Function and Expression, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605-2324, USA.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2007 Dec;9(12):2335-44. doi: 10.1089/ars.2007.1790.
Pancreatic beta-cells are specialized for the production and regulated secretion of insulin to control blood-glucose levels. Increasing evidence indicates that stress-signaling pathways emanating from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are important in the maintenance of beta-cell homeostasis. Under physiological conditions, ER stress signaling has beneficial effects on beta-cells. Timely and proper activation of ER stress signaling is crucial for generating the proper amount of insulin in proportion to the need for it. In contrast, chronic and strong activation of ER stress signaling has harmful effects, leading to beta-cell dysfunction and death. Therefore, to dissect the molecular mechanisms of beta-cell failure and death in diabetes, it is necessary to understand the complex network of ER stress-signaling pathways. This review focuses on the function of the ER stress-signaling network in pancreatic beta-cells.
胰腺β细胞专门负责胰岛素的产生和调节分泌，以控制血糖水平。越来越多的证据表明，源自内质网（ER）的应激信号通路在维持β细胞稳态中起着重要作用。在生理条件下，内质网应激信号对β细胞具有有益作用。内质网应激信号的及时和适当激活对于根据胰岛素需求产生适量的胰岛素至关重要。相反，内质网应激信号的长期强烈激活具有有害影响，会导致β细胞功能障碍和死亡。因此，为了剖析糖尿病中β细胞功能衰竭和死亡的分子机制，有必要了解内质网应激信号通路的复杂网络。本综述重点关注内质网应激信号网络在胰腺β细胞中的功能。
