Odeen Anders, Moray Clea M
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
Naturwissenschaften. 2008 Mar;95(3):253-6. doi: 10.1007/s00114-007-0314-3. Epub 2007 Sep 26.
Recent evidence shows that females of many species can discriminate against males and/or male phenotypes they have mated with previously. However, these studies have not tested whether actual mating is necessary to induce the avoidance behaviour. A preference for strangers may have evolved because it avoids multiple matings with similar genotypes. Alternatively, there may be selection against mating with familiar individuals directly. By choosing its first mate among unfamiliar individuals (which are less likely close relatives than are those encountered early in life), a virgin might disentangle some of the potential benefits of avoiding genetic incompatibility and inbreeding in the offspring from the costs of remating. In this study, we test whether Drosophila melanogaster flies bias their mate choice towards strangers according to previous, non-copulatory, experience. Based on 173 trials over 12 weeks, virgin females presented with two virgin males were 59% more likely to mate with a novel male than the one which she had been housed with for 8 h the day before. Hence we present the first report showing that a dipteran can distinguish between previously encountered and not previously encountered conspecifics.
最近的证据表明，许多物种的雌性能够区分它们之前与之交配过的雄性和/或雄性表型。然而，这些研究尚未测试实际交配是否是诱导回避行为所必需的。对陌生雄性的偏好可能已经进化出来，因为它避免了与相似基因型的多次交配。或者，可能存在直接针对与熟悉个体交配的选择压力。通过在不熟悉的个体中选择其第一个配偶（与在生命早期遇到的个体相比，不熟悉的个体不太可能是近亲），处女蝇可能会从避免后代遗传不相容和近亲繁殖的潜在益处中，梳理出与再次交配成本之间的关系。在本研究中，我们测试了黑腹果蝇是否会根据之前的非交配经历，将其配偶选择偏向于陌生雄性。基于12周内的173次试验，面对两只雄性果蝇的处女雌蝇，与前一天与之共处8小时的雄性相比，与陌生雄性交配的可能性要高出59%。因此，我们首次报告表明，双翅目昆虫能够区分之前遇到过和未曾遇到过的同种个体。
