Karaki Shin-Ichiro, Tazoe Hideaki, Hayashi Hisayoshi, Kashiwabara Hidefumi, Tooyama Kazunari, Suzuki Yuichi, Kuwahara Atsukazu
Laboratory of Physiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
J Mol Histol. 2008 Apr;39(2):135-42. doi: 10.1007/s10735-007-9145-y. Epub 2007 Sep 27.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), 2-4 carbon monocarboxylates including acetate, propionate and butyrate, are known to have a variety of physiological and pathophysiological effects on the intestine. Previously, we reported that the SCFA receptor, G-protein coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), is expressed by enteroendocrine and mucosal mast cells in the rat intestine. In the present study, expression and localization of GPR43 were investigated in the human large intestine. Gene and protein expression of GPR43 in the human ascending colon was analyzed by reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. In addition, localization of GPR43 was investigated by immunohistochemistry. In RT-PCR analysis, GPR43 mRNA was detected in whole wall mRNA samples. Western blotting analysis revealed the expression of GPR43 protein in whole wall and scraped mucosa protein samples, but not in muscle or submucosa. GPR43 immunoreactivity was observed in the intracellularly in enterocytes and in the peptide YY-immunoreactive enteroendocrine cells. These results indicate that the short chain fatty acid receptor, GPR43 is expressed by enteroendocrine L cells containing peptide YY in the human large intestine.
短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）是包含乙酸盐、丙酸盐和丁酸盐的2至4个碳的单羧酸盐，已知其对肠道具有多种生理和病理生理作用。此前，我们报道过短链脂肪酸受体G蛋白偶联受体43（GPR43）在大鼠肠道的肠内分泌细胞和黏膜肥大细胞中表达。在本研究中，我们对人结肠中GPR43的表达和定位进行了研究。分别通过逆转录酶/聚合酶链反应和蛋白质免疫印迹法分析了人升结肠中GPR43的基因和蛋白表达。此外，通过免疫组织化学研究了GPR43的定位。在逆转录聚合酶链反应分析中，在全壁mRNA样本中检测到了GPR43 mRNA。蛋白质免疫印迹分析显示，在全壁和刮取的黏膜蛋白样本中检测到了GPR43蛋白的表达，但在肌肉或黏膜下层中未检测到。在肠细胞内以及肽YY免疫反应性肠内分泌细胞中观察到了GPR43免疫反应性。这些结果表明，短链脂肪酸受体GPR43在人结肠中由含有肽YY的肠内分泌L细胞表达。
