Auer Edward T, Bernstein Lynne E
Department of Speech-Language-Hearing, University of Kansas, Dole Human Development Center, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Room 3001, Lawrence, KS 66045-7555, USA.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2007 Oct;50(5):1157-65. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2007/080).
L. E. Bernstein, M. E. Demorest, and P. E. Tucker (2000) demonstrated enhanced speechreading accuracy in participants with early-onset hearing loss compared with hearing participants. Here, the authors test the generalization of Bernstein et al.'s (2000) result by testing 2 new large samples of participants. The authors also investigated correlates of speechreading ability within the early-onset hearing loss group and gender differences in speechreading ability within both participant groups.
One hundred twelve individuals with early-onset hearing loss and 220 individuals with normal hearing identified 30 prerecorded sentences presented 1 at a time from visible speech information alone.
The speechreading accuracy of the participants with early-onset hearing loss (M=43.55% words correct; SD=17.48) significantly exceeded that of the participants with normal hearing (M=18.57% words correct; SD=13.18), t(330)=14.576, p<.01. Within the early-onset hearing loss participants, speechreading ability was correlated with several subjective measures of spoken communication. Effects of gender were not reliably observed.
The present results are consistent with the results of Bernstein et al. (2000). The need to rely on visual speech throughout life, and particularly for the acquisition of spoken language by individuals with early-onset hearing loss, can lead to enhanced speechreading ability.
L.E.伯恩斯坦、M.E.德莫雷斯特和P.E.塔克（2000年）证明，与听力正常的参与者相比，早发性听力损失参与者的言语阅读准确性有所提高。在此，作者通过测试两个新的大样本参与者来检验伯恩斯坦等人（2000年）研究结果的普遍性。作者还调查了早发性听力损失组内言语阅读能力的相关因素以及两个参与者组内言语阅读能力的性别差异。
112名早发性听力损失个体和220名听力正常个体仅根据可见语音信息，每次识别30个预先录制的句子。
早发性听力损失参与者的言语阅读准确性（正确单词数M = 43.55%；标准差SD = 17.48）显著超过听力正常参与者（正确单词数M = 18.57%；标准差SD = 13.18），t(330) = 14.576，p <.01。在早发性听力损失参与者中，言语阅读能力与口语交流的几项主观指标相关。未可靠观察到性别影响。
目前的结果与伯恩斯坦等人（2000年）的结果一致。终生依赖视觉言语，尤其是对于早发性听力损失个体获取口语而言，会导致言语阅读能力提高。
