Neiva Flávia Cristina Brisque, Leone Cléa Rodrigues
Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Pro Fono. 2007 Jul-Sep;19(3):241-8. doi: 10.1590/s0104-56872007000300002.
The sucking development pattern of the preterm newborn (PTNB) in the neonatal period is important for an effective sucking and oral motor development. The establishment of a safe and efficient feeding in pre-term newborns is related to a rhythmic and coordinated sucking. Nonnutritive sucking stimulation can have an influence on the development of sucking and the development of sucking rhythm of pre-term newborns.
To analyze the development of the sucking rhythm, in non-nutritive and nutritive sucking in preterm newborns, as a consequence of non-nutritive sucking stimulation and in terms of corrected gestational age.
95 preterm newborns randomly divided in three groups: Group 1, control group (35 PTNB), did not receive non-nutritive sucking stimulation; Group 2 (30 PTNB), received non-nutritive sucking stimulation using an orthodontic pacifier for premature infants (Nuk); and Group 3 (30 PTNB), received non-nutritive sucking stimulation using a gloved finger.
The mean gestational age was of 30.5 weeks (+/- 1.57), the mean corrected gestational age at the moment of enrollment in the study was of 31.6 weeks (+/- 1.31), and the mean birth weight was of 1.390 grams, with no statistical differences between the groups. The number of sucking bursts and pauses per minute increased by 0.16 per week and the duration of the bursts by 0.81 seconds; the duration of pauses decreased by 3.8 seconds per week while the number of sucks/second was constant, 1.15 and 0.95 for non-nutritive and nutritive sucking, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups for any of the studied variables.
The stimulation of non-nutritive suction in preterm newborns did not modify the post-natal development of sucking rhythm. The process of maturation, represented by the corrected gestational age, was considered the most responsible factor for this process.
早产新生儿（PTNB）在新生儿期的吸吮发育模式对于有效的吸吮和口腔运动发育很重要。早产新生儿安全高效喂养的建立与有节奏且协调的吸吮有关。非营养性吸吮刺激会对早产新生儿的吸吮发育及吸吮节律发育产生影响。
分析早产新生儿非营养性和营养性吸吮时吸吮节律的发育情况，以及非营养性吸吮刺激和矫正胎龄对此的影响。
95例早产新生儿随机分为三组：第一组为对照组（35例PTNB），未接受非营养性吸吮刺激；第二组（30例PTNB），使用早产儿正畸安抚奶嘴（努克）接受非营养性吸吮刺激；第三组（30例PTNB），使用戴手套的手指接受非营养性吸吮刺激。
平均胎龄为30.5周（±1.57），研究入组时的平均矫正胎龄为31.6周（±1.31），平均出生体重为1390克，各组之间无统计学差异。每分钟吸吮阵发次数和停顿次数每周增加0.16次，阵发持续时间增加0.81秒；停顿持续时间每周减少3.8秒，而每秒吸吮次数保持不变，非营养性和营养性吸吮分别为1.15次和0.95次。对于任何研究变量，各组之间均未发现统计学上的显著差异。
早产新生儿非营养性吸吮刺激并未改变吸吮节律的产后发育。以矫正胎龄为代表的成熟过程被认为是这一过程的最主要影响因素。
