Pimenta Hellen P, Moreira Maria E L, Rocha Adriana Duarte, Gomes Saint Clair, Pinto Liana W, Lucena Sabrina Lopes
Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008 Sep-Oct;84(5):423-7. doi: 10.2223/JPED.1839.
To determine the influence of non-nutritive sucking and oral stimulation programs on breastfeeding rates at discharge, at 3 and at 6 months of corrected age in preterm infants with very low birth weight.
Preterm infants were randomized into experimental and control groups. Ninety-eight preterm infants were randomized and 96 remained in the study until reaching the corrected age of 6 months. The experimental group received sensory-motor-oral stimulation and non-nutritive sucking, while infants in the control group received a sham stimulation program. Both were administered from reaching enteral feeding (100 kcal/kg/day) until the beginning of oral feeding.
Fifty-nine infants (61.5%) were breastfeeding at the time of hospital discharge, 31 (36.9%) at 3 months, and only 18 (20.5%) at 6 months of corrected age. At discharge, 46.9% of the control group and 76.5% of the experimental group were breastfeeding. There were statistically significant differences between rates of breastfeeding at discharge (47 vs. 76%), 3 months (18 vs. 47%) and 6 months after discharge (10 vs. 27%). The experimental group showed significantly higher rates of breastfeeding (p < 0.05).
Non-nutritive sucking, associated with oral stimulation programs, can contribute to the improvement of breastfeeding rates among preterm infants with very low birth weight.
确定非营养性吸吮和口腔刺激方案对极低出生体重早产儿出院时、矫正年龄3个月和6个月时母乳喂养率的影响。
将早产儿随机分为实验组和对照组。98名早产儿被随机分组，96名婴儿持续参与研究直至矫正年龄达到6个月。实验组接受感觉运动口腔刺激和非营养性吸吮，而对照组婴儿接受假刺激方案。两者均从达到肠内喂养（100千卡/千克/天）开始给予，直至开始经口喂养。
59名婴儿（61.5%）在出院时进行母乳喂养，3个月时为31名（36.9%），矫正年龄6个月时仅18名（20.5%）。出院时，对照组46.9%的婴儿和实验组76.5%的婴儿进行母乳喂养。出院时、3个月时和出院后6个月时的母乳喂养率之间存在统计学显著差异（47%对76%、18%对47%、10%对27%）。实验组的母乳喂养率显著更高（p < 0.05）。
与口腔刺激方案相关的非营养性吸吮有助于提高极低出生体重早产儿的母乳喂养率。
