Skaret Erik, Berg Einar, Kvale Gerd, Raadal Magne
Department of Oral Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2007 Nov;17(6):430-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2007.00869.x.
The aim of the present study was to explore and compare psychological characteristics in two groups of 18-year-old adolescents: (i) subjects reporting no likelihood of visiting the dentist in a situation with toothache (avoiders); and (ii) subjects who definitely would see the dentist in the same situation (non-avoiders).
The study included a representative sample (n = 1385) of 18-year-old adolescents attending high schools in the county of Hordaland, Norway. Data were collected by use of questionnaires completed in classrooms.
The following factors increased the risk of being included in the avoider group: negative beliefs of the dentist (communication, trust and control) (OR = 4.3), high dental anxiety (OR = 3.5), and being a male (OR = 2.4). No predictive power for being included in the avoider group was found for general self-efficacy, coping style, multiple fears, or anxiety and depression.
Adolescents with avoidance behaviour have more negative beliefs of the dentist and higher dental anxiety compared to non-avoiders, but were found to have no other specific psychological characteristics. These results indicate a high potential for prevention of future avoidance of care for dentists that are focusing on patient communication and to give young patients perceptions of trust and control during dental treatment.
本研究旨在探索和比较两组18岁青少年的心理特征：（i）报告在牙痛情况下不太可能去看牙医的受试者（回避者）；（ii）在相同情况下肯定会去看牙医的受试者（非回避者）。
该研究纳入了挪威霍达兰郡高中18岁青少年的代表性样本（n = 1385）。数据通过在课堂上完成的问卷收集。
以下因素增加了被纳入回避者组的风险：对牙医的负面信念（沟通、信任和控制）（比值比[OR]=4.3）、高度牙科焦虑（OR = 3.5）以及男性（OR = 2.4）。未发现一般自我效能感、应对方式､多种恐惧或焦虑及抑郁对被纳入回避者组有预测作用。
与非回避者相比，有回避行为的青少年对牙医有更多负面信念且牙科焦虑程度更高，但未发现有其他特定心理特征。这些结果表明，对于专注于患者沟通并让年轻患者在牙科治疗期间感受到信任和控制的牙医而言，预防未来患者回避治疗具有很大潜力。
