Larson Michael J, Kaufman David A S, Schmalfuss Ilona M, Perlstein William M
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2007 Nov;13(6):961-71. doi: 10.1017/S1355617707071305.
Patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often demonstrate impairments in performance monitoring--an evaluative control process that can be measured using the error-negativity/error-related negativity (Ne/ERN) and post-error positivity (Pe). The Ne/ERN and Pe are event-related potential (ERP) components generated following errors, with current theories suggesting the Ne/ERN reflects automatic performance monitoring and the Pe reflects error processing and awareness. To elucidate the electrophysiological mechanisms of performance monitoring deficits following severe TBI, behavioral and ERP measurements were obtained, whereas participants with severe TBI and neurologically-healthy comparison participants performed a modified color-naming version of the Stroop task. Behaviorally, both groups demonstrated robust response-time (RT) and error-rate interference. Participants with TBI exhibited generalized RT slowing; no significant between-groups interactions were present for RTs or error rates. ERP results indicate Ne/ERN amplitude was attenuated in participants with TBI, whereas the pattern of Pe amplitude did not clearly differentiate groups. Findings suggest the Ne/ERN as a potential electrophysiological marker of evaluative control/performance monitoring impairment following TBI. Implications for future research and potential clinical application as well as potential limitations in conducting electrophysiological research in neurologically-impaired populations are discussed.
重度创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者通常在绩效监测方面存在障碍，绩效监测是一种评估性控制过程，可通过错误负波/错误相关负波（Ne/ERN）和错误后正波（Pe）来测量。Ne/ERN和Pe是错误发生后产生的事件相关电位（ERP）成分，当前理论认为Ne/ERN反映自动绩效监测，而Pe反映错误处理和意识。为了阐明重度TBI后绩效监测缺陷的电生理机制，我们进行了行为和ERP测量，重度TBI患者和神经功能正常的对照参与者执行了一项改良的Stroop任务颜色命名版本。在行为方面，两组都表现出强烈的反应时间（RT）和错误率干扰。TBI患者表现出普遍的RT减慢；RT或错误率方面不存在显著的组间交互作用。ERP结果表明，TBI患者的Ne/ERN波幅减弱，而Pe波幅模式并未明显区分两组。研究结果表明，Ne/ERN可作为TBI后评估性控制/绩效监测损伤的潜在电生理标志物。本文还讨论了对未来研究和潜在临床应用的启示，以及在神经功能受损人群中进行电生理研究的潜在局限性。
